Focusing on pandemic influenza, this chapter approaches the planning for and response to such a major worldwide health event as a complex engineering systems problem. Action-oriented analysis of pandemics requires a broad inclusion of academic disciplines since no one domain can cover a significant fraction of the problem. Numerous research papers and action plans have treated pandemics as pure...

A greater understanding of the rate at which emerging disease advances spatially has both ecological and applied significance. Analyzing the spread of vector-borne disease can be relatively complex when the vector's acquisition of a pathogen and subsequent transmission to a host occur in different life stages. A contemporary example is Lyme disease. A long-lived tick vector acquires infection d...

sugarcane mite, oligonychus sacchari mcgregor, is one of the most important pests of sugarcane plant in khuzestan province, southwest of iran. during a two-year study (2007-2008), the biology of the sugarcane mite, o. sacchari, was investigated on three commercial varieties cp48-103, cp57-614 and cp69-1062 under laboratory conditions (temperature 30±1° c, rh% 60±5 and a photoperiod of 16:8 (l:d...

Due to the high blood flow, especially blood from the intestinal tract via the portal vein, the liver is a preferred organ for metastases. In case of advanced, irresectable liver metastases liver transplantation (LTX) remains an attractive option. However, due to high recurrence rates or a lack of data, up to date, metastases from neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are the only accepted indication fo...

Transmission of Zika virus (ZIKV) was first detected in Colombia in September 2015. As of April 2016, Colombia had reported over 65,000 cases of Zika virus disease (ZVD). We analysed daily surveillance data of ZVD cases reported to the health authorities of San Andres and Girardot, Colombia, between September 2015 and January 2016. ZVD was laboratory-confirmed by reverse transcription-polymeras...

Hormesis for the intractable pests can be dreadful, but natural enemies of pests, it is a puissant strategy in optimizing their mass rearing. We report multigenerational stimulatory effects widely used insecticide, imidacloprid, on demographic traits an important egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis Ishii. The study investigated consequences sublethal (LC5), low lethal (LC30), and median (LC50)...

Interest in developing novel crop protectants has increased the recent decade due to harmful effects of synthetic pesticides on humans and environment. Diaphorina citri threatens citrus industry worldwide is primary vector phloem-limited bacterium (HLB). However, there no available cure for HLB. management mainly depends use insecticides, but their massive application leads resistance pest popu...

A simple SIR model of Zika virus fever (ZIKVF) dynamics has been presented in order to compute the basic reproduction number R0 and investigate the relative effect of each parameter in R0 through sensitivity analysis. Sensitivity indices indicated that R0 is most sensitive to the natural death rate of Aedes mosquitoes, and least sensitive to the recovery rate of human. This means that increasin...

In this study, the effect of 20 barley cultivars were evaluated on the life table parameters and digestive enzymatic activity of the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) under laboratory conditions (28 ± 1°C, 60 ± 5% RH, and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L:D) h). Among barley cultivars tested developmental time of R. dominica immature stages was longest on cultivar ...

We present a nonautonomous compartmental model that incorporates vaccination and accounts for the seasonal transmission of typhoid fever. The dynamics system are governed by basic reproductive number R0. This demonstrates global stability disease-free solution if R0<1. On contrary, R0>1, disease persists positive periodic solutions exist. Numerical simulations validate our theoretical fin...