Sybil attacks pose a serious threat for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) security. They can create problems in routing, voting schemes, decision making, distributed storage and sensor re-programming. In a Sybil attack, the attacker masquerades as multiple sensor identities that are actually controlled by one or a few existing attacker nodes. Sybil identities are fabricated out of stolen keys, obt...

We consider the following issues related to robust network routing in a highly dynamic and changing traffic environment: What network routing should an Internet Service Provider use so as to (i) accommodate users demanding “good” service while being unpredictable in the traffic that they would like to send to different destinations, (ii) minimize the amount of “overprovisioning” that needs to b...

In this paper, we present the simulation results of the comparative investigation of the performance of the wireless sensor network routing protocols based on different routing objective: energy-aware routing using PROWLER and RMASE. Our simulation results indicate that the energy-aware routing objective increases the network lifetime for the Adaptive Tree, Constrained Flooding and Real-Time ro...

The routing problem for shared path protection in multidomain optical mesh networks is difficult due to the lack of complete and global knowledge on the network topology and bandwidth allocation. To overcome this difficulty, we propose an aggregated network modeling by overestimation and a two-step routing strategy. In the first step, a rough routing solution is sketched in a compact network wh...

This paper introduces the wireless sensor network routing protocol and its security, and introduces the main several kinds of routing protocols, including the data centric routing protocol, hierarchical routing protocols and location-based routing protocol, finally according to the analysis of routing protocol common attack method. Ant colony algorithm is a distributed parallel algorithm. A sin...

In this letter, we propose an energy-aware source routing protocol for maximizing the network lifetime in mobile ad hoc networks. We define a new routing cost by considering both transmit and receive power consumption and remaining battery level in each node simultaneously and present an efficient route discovery procedure to investigate the proposed routing cost. Intensive simulation verifies ...

Due to the dynamic nature of MANETs, route maintenance is quite difficult task. Routing is the process by which we choose paths in a network along which the source can send data packets towards destination. It is an important aspect of network communication because the characteristics like reliability, throughput, and congestion depends upon the routing information. An ideal routing algorithm i...

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANETs) is collection of mobile/semi mobile nodes with no existing pre-established infrastructure, forming a temporary network. Mobile Ad hoc Networks are highly dynamic networks. Quality of Service (QoS) routing in such networks is usually limited by the network breakage due to either node mobility or energy depletion of the mobile nodes. Another issue that effects the Q...

The Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of connected mobile nodes without any centralized administration. Proactive routing approach is one of those categories of proposed routing protocol which is not suitable for larger network due to their high overhead to maintain routing table for each and every node. The novelty of this approach is to form a binary tree structure of several inde...

Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of wireless mobile hosts forming a temporary network without the aid of any stand-alone infrastructure or centralized administration. Most of the proposed MANET protocols do not address security issues. In MANETs routing algorithm is necessary to find specific routes between source and destination. The primary goal of any ad-hoc network routing prot...