provided the original work is properly cited. CC In spite of the many benefits of percutaneous lumbar sympathectomy (PLS) it also has several complications or side effects such as genitofemoral neuralgia, lumbar plexus damage or damages to organs and blood vessels. Among them, the damages on kidney or ureter are rare but serious complications [1,2]. Avoiding these complications, the needle entr...

Two kinds of spikes, a single-spike unit and burst unit, were obtained by a glass suction electrode recording from neurons in Auerbach's plexus of the guinea pig ileum. Both spikes were inhibited by tetrodotoxin but not by Mn2+. Frequency of the single-spike unit was increased by nicotine and high concentrations of acetyl choline. The single-spike unit induced by nicotine was inhibit...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Brachial plexus block is used in surgical procedures of the upper limbs. The brachial plexus is a potential territory for absorption of local anesthetics. Studies on bupivacaine isomers have shown reduced cardiovascular toxicity of its levorotatory form (levobupivacaine). However, the anesthetic efficacy (sensorial and motor blockades) of levobupivacaine in neuroaxis b...

INTRODUCTION: Brachial plexus blocks (BPB) have been utilized to treat sympathetically mediated vasospasm and ischemia.1 Common etiologies for acute ischemia include cannulation injury, traumatic laceration, extramural compression, embolism, and unopposed sympathetic tone with concomitant vasospasm.2,3 We describe a patient who developed hand ischemia of unknown etiology in whom a continuous BP...

BACKGROUND Anesthesia management for patients with severe ankylosing spondylitis scheduled for total hip arthroplasty is challenging due to a potential difficult airway and difficult neuraxial block. We report 4 cases with ankylosing spondylitis successfully managed with a combination of lumbar plexus, sacral plexus and T12 paravertebral block. CASE PRESENTATION Four patients were scheduled f...

We wanted to determine whether 1 of 3 brachial plexus blocks was best for one of our most common surgeries, the cubital tunnel release with or without transposition of the ulnar nerve. Brachial plexus blocks can provide excellent results for upper extremity surgery, but we noticed inexplicable block failure for cubital tunnel releases with an incision in the proximal arm. In this case series, w...

BACKGROUND Sex differences, which may be an important variable for determining anesthetic requirements, have not been well investigated in the aspect of local anesthetic. This investigation aimed to compare the minimum local analgesic concentration (MLAC) of ropivacaine for ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block (US-SCB) between men and women. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients ag...

Several studies have demonstrated that interscalene brachial plexus anesthesia alone decreases postoperative pain, nausea, vomiting, urinary retention, and unplanned hospital admissions compared with general anesthesia alone. Anecdotal evidence suggests that an interscalene block combined with general anesthesia decreases unwanted effects of general anesthesia following open shoulder surgery. W...

Continuous interscalene brachial plexus blockade traditionally requires a hospital stay for local anesthetic infusion, and achieving consistent catheter insertion may be difficult. Incorporating long-acting pain relief from a continuous peripheral nerve block, with a reliable method of catheter insertion, and a self-contained infusion system would be a valuable asset for short-stay care. We com...