نتایج جستجو برای: neuroprotection
تعداد نتایج: 8244 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Pharmacological and biochemical approaches were used to elucidate the involvement of growth factor signaling pathways mediating estrogen neuroprotection in primary cortical neurons after glutamate excitotoxicity. We addressed the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, which are activated by growth factors such as nerve growth factor (NGF). Inhibition of MAPK s...
Brain and spinal cord traumas include blunt and penetrating trauma, disease, and required surgery. Such traumas trigger events such as inflammation, infiltration of inflammatory and other cells, oxidative stress, acidification, excitotoxicity, ischemia, and the loss of calcium homeostasis, all of which cause neurotoxicity and neuron death. To prevent trauma-induced neurological deficits and dea...
A body of experimental evidence suggests that T cells mediate neuroprotection following CNS injury; however, the antigen specificity of these T cells and how they mediate neuroprotection are unknown. Here, we have provided evidence that T cell-mediated neuroprotection after CNS injury can occur independently of major histocompatibility class II (MHCII) signaling to T cell receptors (TCRs). Usin...
Psychopharmacological neuroprotection in neurodegenerative disease: heuristic clinical applications.
In Part I of this report, the authors reviewed preclinical and clinical evidence of neuroprotection by psychotropics and proposed criteria to predict translational neuroprotection. Here, the authors review a broad array of neuroprotective mechanisms and, based on evidence reviewed in Part I, consider agents with pharmacodynamic mechanisms of action that may be associated with neuroprotection. T...
Prolonged calpain activation is widely recognized as a key component of neurodegeneration in a variety of pathological conditions. Numerous reports have also indicated that synaptic activation of NMDA receptors (NMDARs) provides neuroprotection against a variety of insults. Here, we report the paradoxical finding that such neuroprotection involves calpain activation. NMDAR activation in culture...
NAPVSIPQ (NAP), an active fragment of the glial-derived activity-dependent neuroprotective protein, is protective at femtomolar concentrations against a wide array of neural insults and prevents ethanol-induced fetal wastage and growth retardation in mice. NAP also antagonizes ethanol inhibition of L1-mediated cell adhesion (ethanol antagonism). We performed an Ala scanning substitution of NAP ...
The microtubule-associated axonal specification collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2) is a novel target for neuroprotection. A CRMP2 peptide (TAT-CBD3) conjugated to the HIV transactivator of transcription (TAT) protein's cationic cell penetrating peptide (CPP) motif protected neurons in the face of toxic levels of Ca(2+) influx leaked in via N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) hypera...
AIM The current study was designed to determine whether intravitreal injection of tacrolimus (FK506) modulates the gene expression of neurotrophic factor-related molecules in the retina from eyes with induced experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) in rats. METHODS Rats were immunised with interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein peptide (R14) and given intravitreal injection of tacrol...
A neuroprotective strategy through a combination therapy is always being superior to any other singular therapeutic interventions, as these acts through a multifaceted approach within the brain during focal cerebral ischemia. Therefore, the development of a potential new combination of drug which can bring about desirable improved neuroprotection targeting different pathways against ischemic st...
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Tolerance to ischemic brain injury is induced by several preconditioning stimuli, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A small dose of LPS given systemically confers ischemic protection in the brain, a process that appears to involve activation of an inflammatory response before ischemia. We postulated that LPS preconditioning modulates the cellular inflammatory response a...
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