Clouds usually cause invalid observations for sensors aboard satellites, which corrupts the spatio-temporal continuity of land surface parameters retrieved from remote sensing data (e.g., MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data) and prevents the fusing of multi-source remote sensing data in the field of quantitative remote sensing. Based on the requirements of spatio-temporal...

Starch is the major component of cereal grains and starchy foods, and changes in its biophysical and biochemical properties (e.g., amylose, amylopectin, pasting, gelatinization, viscosity) will have a direct effect on its end use properties (e.g., bread, malt, polymers). The use of rapid and non-destructive methods to study and monitor starch properties, such as gelatinization, retrogradation, ...

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy in diffuse reflectance mode was explored with the objective of discriminating sea salts according to their quality type (traditional salt vs "flower of salt") and geographical origin (Atlantic vs Mediterranean). Sea salts were also analyzed in terms of Ca(2+), Mg(2+), K(+), alkalinity, and sulfate concentrations to support spectroscopic results. High concentrati...

A rapid quantification method was developed and validated for simultaneous and nondestructive quantifying the constituent sugar concentrations of intact apples using Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy in diffuse reflectance mode. Multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), the second derivative of Savitsky-Golay, and mean centering were used as spectral preprocessing options. Ca...

Fecal contamination of apples is an important food safety issue. To develop automated methods to detect such contamination, a recently developed hyperspectral imaging system with a range of 450 to 851 nm was used to examine reflectance images of experimentally contaminated apples. Fresh feces from dairy cows were applied simultaneously as a thick patch and as a thin, transparent (not readily vi...

This work presents a methodology that uses digital fraction images derived from Linear Spectral Mixture Model and wavelets transform from MODIS satellite sensor time-series for land cover change analysis. Our approach uses MODIS surface reflectance images acquired from 2000 to 2006 time period. For this study, a test site was selected in the Mato Grosso State, Brazilian Amazonia. This site has ...

Remote estimation of chlorophyll-a in turbid and productive estuaries is difficult due to the optical complexity of Case 2 waters. Although recent advances have been obtained with the use of empirical approaches for estimating chlorophyll-a in these environments, the understanding of the relationship between spectral reflectance and chlorophyll-a is based mainly on temperate and subtropical est...

Overview: Stability experiments indicate that amorphous sulfate phases may be important constituents of martian surface materials [1-2]; there is also considerable spectral evidence for non-crystalline sulfate phases on Europa [3-4]. However, the thermal infrared (TIR) and near-infrared (NIR) spectral characteristics of these phases are largely unknown. X-ray amorphous Mg-and Fe-sulfate phases ...

Green Leaf Area Index (GLAI) and Green Biomass (GBM) are two of the fundamental biophysical properties indicating vegetation physiological status. In the current research a new three channel normalized band ratio algorithm i.e. "Weighted Normalized Crop Index (WNCI)" is proposed for remote estimation of vegetation GLAI and GBM. WNCI takes into account three of the most common vegetation sensiti...

Visible and short-wavelength near-infrared (SW-NIR) spectroscopy (600-1100 nm) was used to detect bruises in intact, whole Pacific pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha). The measurements were performed noninvasively through the skin and scales in the diffuse reflectance mode. Digital images of bruised and nonbruised regions of fish were captured after the fish samples were filleted. Image analys...