The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the pharmacological effects of Portulaca oleracea L. (Purslane) (PL) on N-nitrosodiethylamine- (NDEA-) induced hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) and explore its potential mechanism. Mice were randomly assigned to four groups: control group, NDEA group, NDEA + Purslane (100 mg/kg) group, and NDEA + Purslane (200 mg/kg) group. The animal of each grou...

We report a nanoelectrospray ionization (nESI) with high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS) method for determination of small molecules of m/z 50 to 200 and its potential application in environmental analysis. Integration of nESI with FAIMS and MS-MS combines the advantages of these three techniques into one method. The nESI provides...

N-nitroso compounds (NOCs) may be implicated in human colon carcinogenesis, but the toxicological mechanisms involved have not been elucidated. Because it was previously demonstrated that nitrosamines and nitrosamides, representing two classes of NOC, induce distinct gene expression effects in colon cells that are particularly related to oxidative stress, we hypothesized that different radical ...

The presence of mutagenic and carcinogenic nitrosamines in groundwater is of great concern. In this study, eight nitrosamines including N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), N-nitrosomethylethylamine (NMEA), N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR), N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR), N-nitrosopiperidine (NPIP), N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine (NDPA), and N-nitrosodi-n-butylamine (NDBA) and corresp...

The role of human cytochrome P450 (CYP) in the metabolic activation of tobacco-related N-nitrosamines was examined by Salmonella mutation test using a series of genetically engineered Salmonella typhimurium YG7108 strains each co-expressing a form of CYP (CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2A6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5) together with human NADPH-cytochrome P450 reduct...

Homeopathy is considered as one modality for cancer therapy. However, there are only very few clinical reports on the activity of the drugs, as well as in experimental animals. Presently we have evaluated the inhibitory effects of potentized homeopathic preparations against N'-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats as well as 3-methylcholanthrene-induced sarcomas in...

A new technique, using an oscillating viscometer capable of measuring changes of DNA reduced viscosity (eta red), has been used to detect DNA damage in liver of rats treated with various chemical carcinogens. In denaturing conditions (pH 12.5), the eta red of liver DNA from control rats increased slowly with time, reaching a maximum, (eta red)max, after 10 to 13 hr. Single i.p. doses of N-nitro...

The present study was planned to investigate the chemopreventive efficacy of Chrysin (CH) against renal carcinogenesis in Wistar rats. Ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA) is a potent nephrotoxicant and known renal carcinogen. CH is a natural flavonoid found in honey, propolis, blue passion flower. In vitro data suggests that it has anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic properties. Ren...

SUMMARY 1-Methyl-l-nitrosourea (MNU), the active moiety of the Streptozotocin molecule, produces a dose-related depression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) concentrations in mouse liver and L1210 ascities, similar to that produced by the latter compound. There was early increase in liver NAD glycohydrolase activity, but no significant change in NAD pyrophosphorylase. While pretreatmen...

BACKGROUND The identification and characterization of cancer stem cells (CSCs) is imperative to understanding the mechanism of cancer pathogenesis. Growing evidence suggests that CSCs play critical roles in the development and progression of cancer. However, controversy exists as to whether CSCs arise from bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs). METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In the present st...