Flying foxes (Pteropodidae) are key seed dispersers on the African continent, yet their migratory behavior is largely unknown. Here, we studied the movement ecology of the straw-colored fruit bat, Eidolon helvum, and other fruit bats by analyzing stable isotope ratios in fur collected from museum specimens. In a triple-isotope approach based on samples of two ecologically similar non-migratory ...

We have shown in past isobolographic studies that a small amount of Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-THC) can enhance morphine antinociception in mice. However, previous studies of the Δ-THC/morphine interaction were performed using normal mice or rats and evaluated acute thermal antinociception. Less is known about cannabinoid and opioid interactions involved in mechanical nociception and in chronic ...

We deal with the problem of preserving various versions of completeness in (< κ)–support iterations of forcing notions, generalizing the case “S–complete proper is preserved by CS iterations for a stationary costationary S ⊆ ω1”. We give applications to Uniformization and the Whitehead problem. In particular, for a strongly inaccessible cardinal κ and a stationary set S ⊆ κ with fat complement ...

The Atlantic Goliath Grouper, Epinephelus itajara, is critically endangered throughout its range but has begun to show initial signs of recovery in Florida state waters. As the population continues to rebound, researchers face a pressing need to fill the knowledge gaps about this iconic species. Here, we examined the δ (15)N isotopic records in fin rays collected from Atlantic Goliath Grouper, ...

The complexity of round robin iterative data flow analysis has been traditionally defined as 1 +d where d is the depth of a control flow graph. However, this bound is restricted to bit vector frameworks, which by definition, are separable. For non-separable frameworks, the complexity of analysis is influenced by the interdependences of program entities, hence the bound of 1 +d is not applicable...

Atorvastatin δ-lactone, a major, pharmacologically inactive metabolite, has been associated with toxicity. In a previous study we showed that polymorphisms of UGT1A3 influence atorvastatin δ-lactone formation. Here we investigated the reverse reaction, atorvastatin δ-lactone hydrolysis, in a human liver bank. Screening of microarray data revealed paraoxonases PON1 and PON3 among 17 candidate es...

We consider the stable approximation of sparse solutions to non-linear operator equations by means of Tikhonov regularization with a subquadratic penalty term. Imposing certain assumptions, which for a linear operator are equivalent to the standard range condition, we derive the usual convergence rate O( √ δ) of the regularized solutions in dependence of the noise level δ. Particular emphasis l...

We use the difference (δ) between the position angles of the nuclear radio emission and the host galaxy major axis to investigate the distribution of the angle (β) between the axes of the nuclear accretion disk and the host galaxy disk in Seyfert galaxies. We provide a critical appraisal of the quality of all measurements, and find that the data are limited by observational uncertainties and bi...

In a graph G = (V,E) with non-negative edge weights ω(e), e ∈ E, Dijkstra’s single source shortest path (SSSP) algorithm finds for a given source vertex s ∈ V the shortests path between that vertex s and every other vertex. We denote the length of the shortest path from v to w by δ(v, w), i.e. Dijktra’s algorithm computes δ(s, v) for all v ∈ V . Algorithm 1 shows the full pseudo-code of Dijkstr...

Let A be a hereditary algebra over an algebraically closed field k andA(m) be them-replicated algebra of A. Given an A(m)-module T , we denote by δ(T ) the number of non isomorphic indecomposable summands of T . In this paper, we prove that a partial tilting A(m)module T is a tilting A(m)-module if and only if δ(T ) = δ(A(m)), and that every partial tilting A(m)-module has complements. As an ap...