Neurotrophins are known to regulate dendritic development, but the mechanisms that mediate neurotrophin-dependent dendrite formation are largely unknown. Here we show that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) induces the formation of primary dendrites in cortical neurons by a protein synthesis-independent mechanism. BDNF leads to the rapid activation of PI3-kinase, MAP kinase, and PLC-gamma...

The construction of a large dendritic arbor requires robust growth and the precise delivery of membrane and protein cargoes to specific subcellular regions of the developing dendrite. How the microtubule-based vesicular trafficking and sorting systems are regulated to distribute these dendritic development factors throughout the dendrite is not well understood. Here we identify the small GTPase...

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) play important functions in neural development. NR2B is the predominant NR2 subunit of NMDAR in the developing brain. Here we use mosaic analysis with double markers (MADM) to knock out NR2B in isolated single cells and analyze its cell-autonomous function in dendrite development. NR2B mutant dentate gyrus granule cells (dGCs) and barrel cortex layer 4 sp...

We study minimal sets on continua X with a dense free interval J and locally connected remainder. This class of includes important spaces such as the topologist's sine curve or Warsaw circle. In case when remainder are known is connected, we obtain full characterization topological structure sets. particular, given in X∖J local dendrite.

Neurons are one of the most morphologically diverse cell types, in large part owing to their intricate dendrite branching patterns. Dendrites are structures that are specialized to receive and process inputs in neurons, thus their specific morphologies reflect neural connectivity and influence information flow through circuits. Recent studies in Drosophila on the molecular basis of dendrite div...

Rough electrodeposition, uncontrolled parasitic side-reactions with electrolytes and dendrite-induced short-circuits have hindered development of advanced energy storage technologies based on metallic lithium, sodium and aluminium electrodes. Solid polymer electrolytes and nanoparticle-polymer composites have shown promise as candidates to suppress lithium dendrite growth, but the challenge of ...

The proper formation and morphogenesis of dendrites is fundamental to the establishment of neural circuits in the brain. Following cell cycle exit and migration, neurons undergo organized stages of dendrite morphogenesis, which include dendritic arbor growth and elaboration followed by retraction and pruning. Although these developmental stages were characterized over a century ago, molecular r...

Activity-dependent dendrite elaboration influences the pattern of interneuronal connectivity and network function. In the present study, we examined the mechanism by which the GluR1 subunit of AMPA receptors controls dendrite morphogenesis. GluR1 binds to SAP97, a scaffolding protein that is a component of the postsynaptic density, via its C-terminal 7 aa. We find that elimination of this inter...

Le Roux and Ziegler asked whether every simply connected compact nonempty planar Π 1 set always contains a computable point. In this paper, we solve the problem of le Roux and Ziegler by showing that there exists a planar Π 1 dendroid without computable points. We also provide several pathological examples of tree-like Π 1 continua fulfilling certain global incomputability properties: there is ...

The dendritic trees of neurons result from specific patterns of growth and branching, and dendrite branches of the same neuron avoid one another to spread over a particular receptive field. Recognition molecules on the surfaces of dendrites influence these patterning and avoidance processes by promoting attractive, repulsive or adhesive responses to specific cues. The Drosophila transmembrane p...