protected sexual encounters, contaminated needles and from mother to child during the peripartum period or while breastfeeding. Several evidence-based ap proaches are used for preventing HIV transmission that can be broadly categorized into pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic strategies. Here, we review the evidence and clinical practice for pharmacologic strategies employed to prevent HIV trans...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease of the articular cartilage, and it represents one of the most common causes of disability in the world. It leads to social, psychological and economic costs with financial consequences. Different OA treatments are usually considered in relation to the stage of the disease, such as surgical management, pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatments. ...

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic disorder characterized by multifocal pain and other associated somatic symptoms including fatigue, insomnia, cognitive/memory problems, and even psychological distress. It appears that 2-4% of the general population suffers from FM. FM negatively impacts the physical functioning of its patients, as evidenced by difficulties with multiple daily activities, as well ...

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of the most prominent forms of chronic liver disease worldwide, reflecting the epidemic of global obesity. Those with the progressive variant of NAFLD, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), are at significantly increased risk of multisystem morbidity and mortality. However, there are currently no approved pharmacologic therapies for NASH....

background: sleep is an important aspect of healthy lifestyle. one of the prevalent diabetes mellitus-related non-vascular complications is sleep problems. the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a non-pharmacological care plan designed based on the continuous care model (ccm) on sleep quality in patients with type ii diabetes with two month follow up. methods: this randomized c...

A visit to the dentist for consultation alone is enough cause heart rate increase and 58% of patients having anxiety towards dental treatment has been reported. Amongst various pharmacologic non- adjuncts available address anxiety, therapeutic value hypnosis requires a fresh deeper look so as decipher potential benefits create wider awareness acceptance its proven efficacy in anxiolysis. The ex...

BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are at increased risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) compared to the general population. Practice guidelines recommend pharmacologic prophylaxis for IBD inpatients. AIM Our aim was to determine the rates of pharmacologic VTE prophylaxis in ulcerative colitis (UC) inpatients at a tertiary referral center. We also assessed potential predict...