Fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) based on carbohydrate polymers were prepared through one-pot hydrothermal treatment of starch in the presence of polyethyleneimine. These FONs (named as PEI-Starch FONs) were characterized by a series of techniques including UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, fluorescent spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy...

*We examined the relationships between stem CO(2) efflux (E(s)), diameter growth, and nonstructural carbohydrate concentration in loblolly pine trees. Carbohydrate supply was altered via stem girdling during rapid stem growth in the spring and after growth had ceased in the autumn. We hypothesized that substrate type and availability control the seasonal variation and temperature sensitivity of...

The accumulation of starch within photosynthetic tissues and within dedicated storage organs has been characterized extensively in many species, and a function in buffering carbon availability or in fueling later growth phases, respectively, has been proposed. However, developmentally regulated starch turnover within heterotrophic tissues other than dedicated storage organs is poorly characteri...

UNLABELLED To compete for the dynamic stream of nutrients flowing into their ecosystem, colonic bacteria must respond rapidly to new resources and then catabolize them efficiently once they are detected. The Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron starch utilization system (Sus) is a model for nutrient acquisition by symbiotic gut bacteria, which harbor thousands of related Sus-like systems. Structural in...

ACAC), and fatty acid synthetase (FAS) were studied in male Wistar rats after a period of starvation and refeeding of diets containing 400 g glucose, or raw or cooked starches as the source of carbohydrate/kg. Starches fed included maize, potato, wheat, rice, and tapioca. 2. When compared to the responses of rats given the glucose-containing diet, rats given raw maize-or rice-starch-containing ...

An investigation was carried out to reveal the changes in the concentration of soluble carbohydrates under tuber dormancy in food yam (Dioscorea esculenta) tubers and in an economically important spice cum medicinal plant turmeric (Curcuma longa) rhizomes under storage. Harvested, fully matured tubers of yam and rhizomes of turmeric were stored in wooden boxes under the conditions of 28 ? 2?C t...

The effects of meal volume and luminal digestion of carbohydrates on the release of pancreatic polypeptide (HPP) were investigated in eight healthy subjects and in six patients who had non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. On one occasion each subject ingested a placebo with 200 ml water and a starch (50 g) pudding meal (400 ml) 30 minutes later. On another occasion an amylase inhibitor that...

That taka-diastase, when allowed to react under the appropriate conditions, will hydrolyze starch and maltose completely or almost completely to glucose has been known for some time (2, 9). It might, therefore, be expected that dextrins, which are intermediates in the hydrolytic breakdown of starch to maltose, should be similarly susceptible to taka-diastase. Results contrary to this expectatio...

Growth and sporulation of Clostridium perfringens type A in Duncan and Strong (DS) sporulation medium was investigated. A biphasic growth response was found to be dependent on starch concentration. Maximal levels of heat-resistant spores were formed at a starch concentration of 0.40%. Addition of glucose, maltose, or maltotriose to a sporulating culture resulted in an immediate turbidity increa...

In many plants, starch is synthesized during the day and degraded during the night to avoid carbohydrate starvation in darkness. The circadian clock participates in a dynamic adjustment of starch turnover to changing environmental condition through unknown mechanisms. We used mathematical modelling to explore the possible scenarios for the control of starch turnover by the molecular components ...