Unsupervised image-to-image translation aims at learning a joint distribution of images in different domains by using images from the marginal distributions in individual domains. Since there exists an infinite set of joint distributions that can arrive the given marginal distributions, one could infer nothing about the joint distribution from the marginal distributions without additional assum...

Phylogenetic hypotheses are frequently used to examine variation in rates of diversification across the history of a group. Patterns of diversification-rate variation can be used to infer underlying ecological and evolutionary processes responsible for patterns of cladogenesis. Most existing methods examine rate variation through time. Methods for examining differences in diversification among ...

We study su(2) and su(1,1) displaced number states. Those states are eigenstates of density-dependent interaction systems of quantized radiation field with classical current. Those states are intermediate states interpolating between number and displaced number states. Their photon number distribution, statistical and squeezing properties are studied in detail. It is show that these states exhi...

We propose to characterize the shapes of flat pebbles in terms of the statistical distribution of curvatures measured along the pebble contour. This is demonstrated for the erosion of clay pebbles in a controlled laboratory apparatus. Photographs at various stages of erosion are analyzed, and compared with two models. We find that the curvature distribution complements the usual measurement of ...

An analytical expression for the bidirectional reflectance field of a vegetation canopy is derived from physical and geometrical considerations of the transfer of radiation through a porous medium. The reflectance pattern is shown to depend explicitly on the optical properties of the scatterers (for example, leaves), and on the structural parameters of the canopy, such as the statistical distri...

Too large instance and/or feature number for supervised classification requires higher storage demands and computing time, and also the classification quality may suffer from too huge datasets. In our work we examine the reduction of training instance number in music genre recognition where each instance is mapped to a class described by a corresponding 2-gram estimated from the statistical dis...

The inherent variability or 'variance' of growth rate measurements is critical to the development of accurate predictive models in food microbiology. A large number of measurements are typically needed to estimate variance. To make these measurements requires a significant investment of time and effort. If a single growth rate determination is based on a series of independent measurements, then...

Written language is a complex communication signal capable of conveying information encoded in the form of ordered sequences of words. Beyond the local order ruled by grammar, semantic and thematic structures affect long-range patterns in word usage. Here, we show that a direct application of information theory quantifies the relationship between the statistical distribution of words and the se...

Estimating the illumination and the reflectance properties of an object surface from a few images is an important but challenging problem. The problem becomes even more challenging if we wish to deal with real-world objects that naturally have spatially inhomogeneous reflectance. In this paper, we derive a novel method for estimating the spatially varying specular reflectance properties of a su...

Modeling the statistical distributions of cosmogenic exposure dates from moraines P. J. Applegate, N. M. Urban, K. Keller, and R. B. Alley Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16801, USA now at: Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden Received: 3 November 2009 – Accepted: 12 Novem...