INTRODUCTION In medical practice, some patients consult doctors for reassurance of normality, e.g. patients with throat discomfort. Therefore, medical graduates should be competent in diagnosing clinical normality. One way to assess clinical competence is by the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). METHODS In 2002-2006, five batches of medical students who completed their otorhin...

A topological space X is called βκ-normal if for every pair of disjoint regularly closed sets and B, there exist open U V such that = A, B ∩ ∅. In this paper, we investigated a weaker form normality βκ-normality which simultaneous generalization normality, κ-normality almost β-normality. Some new decomposition obtained in terms weakly β-normal spaces.

Generalized variance is applied for determination of dispersion in a multivariate population and is a successful measure for concentration of multivariate data. In this article, we consider constructing confidence interval and testing the hypotheses about generalized variance in a multivariate normal distribution and give a computational approach. Simulation studies are performed to compare thi...

This paper presents a new growing neural network for cluster analysis and market segmentation, which optimizes the size and structure of clusters by iteratively checking them for multivariate normality. We combine the recently published SGNN approach [8] with the basic principle underlying the Gaussian-means algorithm [13] and the Mardia test for multivariate normality [18, 19]. The new approac...

Consider testing normality against a one-parameter family of univariate distributions containing the normal distribution as the boundary, e.g., the family of t-distributions or an infinitely divisible family with finite variance. We prove that under mild regularity conditions, the sample skewness is the locally best invariant (LBI) test of normality against a wide class of asymmetric families a...

Existing research has emphasized the importance of normality judgments in many aspects of cognition and life (e.g., causal cognition, gradable adjectives, cooperative behavior). Yet little work has explored how people actually come to understand what sorts of things are normal. We argue that people’s normality intuitions reflect a mixture of statistical and evaluative considerations. Specifical...