The assessment of image quality is very important for numerous image processing applications, where the goal of image quality assessment (IQA) algorithms is to automatically assess the quality of images in a manner that is consistent with human visual judgment. Two prominent examples, the Structural Similarity Image Metric (SSIM) and Multi-scale Structural Similarity (MS-SSIM) operate under the...

Spreading is a ubiquitous process in the social, biological and technological systems. Therefore, identifying influential spreaders, which is important to prevent epidemic spreading and to establish effective vaccination strategies, is full of theoretical and practical significance. In this paper, a weighted h-index centrality based on virtual nodes extension is proposed to quantify the spreadi...

Background and Objectives: MThe Emergency Severity Index (ESI) triage is commonly used in clinical settings to determine the patients’ emergency severity. However, the reliability of this index is not sufficiently explored. The present study examines the inter-rater reliability of ESI by comparing triage ratings as performed by nurses and physicians. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional st...

Agricultural sustainability refers to the ability of a cropping system to produce, without causing irreversible damage tothe ecosystem. There is an increasing need to view cropping systems and identify management practices in a holisticindicator-based impact assessment. The main objective of this study was to compare and rank the cropping systems of theMarvdasht plain in Fars Province; in order...

In this paper we develop a new method for 2-tuple linguistic multiple attribute decision making, namely the 2-tuple linguistic generalized ordered weighted averaging distance (2LGOWAD) operator. This operator is an extension of the OWA operator that utilizes generalized means, distance measures and uncertain information represented as 2-tuple linguistic variables. By using 2LGOWAD, it is possib...

In recent decades, European countries have faced repeated heat waves. Traditionally, atmospheric CO2 concentration linked to wave-induced photosynthetic inhibition has been explored based on local-specific in-situ observations. However, previous research field surveys limitations in exploring area-wide concentrations inhibition. The present study aimed evaluate the spatial cross-correlation of ...

different industrial decision makers and managers in our country, try to select and organize locations for aggregating industrial units, estates and areas with respect to land use planning visions and industrial development strategies. in this regard, considering large quantity of the input data and diverse criteria affecting this application, it is complicated and difficult to optimally make d...