This paper investigates the normative perspective of the Web service business context. The business context includes modeling of the business entities and their relationships, while its normative perspective deals with responsibilities, rights and obligations of both Web service providers and users. The existing literature and practice confirm the gap between the available Web service infrastru...

Revealed preferences are tastes that rationalize an economic agent's observed actions. Normative preferences represent the agent's actual interests. It sometimes makes sense to assume that revealed preferences are identical to normative preferences. But there are many cases where this assumption is violated. We identify five factors that increase the likelihood of a disparity between revealed p...

PURPOSE The normative group of a norm-referenced test is intended to provide a basis for interpreting test scores. However, the composition of the normative group may facilitate or impede different types of diagnostic interpretations. This article considers who should be included in a normative sample and how this decision must be made relative to the purpose for which a test is intended. MET...

A little more than a decade ago, Nathan Berg asked the question why behavioral economics had not yet inspired a reorientation of normative economics. Given the ever rising interest in the new, psychologically informed economics, the present paper will outline the way reasoning about the normative implications of behavioral economics has developed since Berg raised the issue. We argue that behav...

abstractâ cultural norms state human-nature interaction by affecting individual and group values system. ethical norms are the most important ones in which nature and its components become evaluated based on ethical views. there are different ethical normative views toward human-nature interaction. they have been currently categorized into three types of anthropocentric, bio centric and eco cen...