Globally, around 0.78 billion rural people live in close proximity to forests and have been considered “forest-dwelling” and/or “forest dependent”. Forest dependency has so far mainly studied material terms, while the non-material relationships addressed less frequently. To fill this gap, general objective of study is assess forest-dwelling people’s relationship their community, livestock, fore...

JOHN A. STANTURF1, BRIAN J. PALIK2, MARY I. WILLIAMS3, R. KASTEN DUMROESE4, and PALLE MADSEN5 1Center for Forest Disturbance Science, Southern Research Station, U.S. Forest Service, Athens, Georgia, USA 2Center for Research on Ecosystem Change, Northern Research Station, U.S. Forest Service, Grand Rapids, Minnesota, USA 3School of Forest Resources and Environmental Sciences, Michigan Technologi...

This research examined the relative importance of indicators and standards of quality at three mountain summits in the Northern Forest. The three summits ranged from low to high levels of use, development, and management. Computer-generated photographs were used to present a range of resource, social, and managerial conditions in a stated choice survey. Results suggest that visitors prefer mini...

Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) images were compared to Terra-MODIS imagery for detecting forest changes in northern Maine’s industrial forest. Advantages of MODIS imagery compared to medium spatial resolution imagery, like Landsat TM or ETM+, are its temporal frequency, its low data volume to cover large forest regions and, the data are free to download over the Internet. The obje...

Zagros Mountains in west of Iran are covered by unique forests and rangelands. Increasing population, low level of development and high dependence of local people on natural resources for primary livelihood needs resulted in degradation of Zagros forests and rangelands. Along with these factors, since the last decade, climate change including severe drought is an important issue in the world, p...

In this study we investigated the relationship between the sensitivity to forest fragmentation of bird species and their habitat spatial distribution. We hypothesized that a homogenous spatial distribution is associated to habitat-generalist species, which would tend to be less sensitive to forest fragmentation; in contrast, a heterogeneous spatial distribution would drive to an increase of sen...

Canadian Forest Service, Northern Forestry Centre, 5320-122 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5, Canada USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 860 N. 1200 East, Logan, UT 84321, USA Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università, 16-35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy INRA, BIOGECO, UMR1202, Cestas, France Scion (New Zealand...

a large collection of botryosphaeriaceae isolates obtained from fruit and forest trees with fruit rot, canker and dieback disease symptoms in northern provinces of the country were examined in this study. based on morphology and sequence data (its and ef1-α), two species, diplodia mutila and spencermartinsia viticola are illustrated and described as new records for iran mycobiota. furthermore, ...

The Northwest Forest Plan was implemented in 1994 to protect habitat for species associated with old-growth forests, including Northern Spotted Owls (Strix occidentailis caurina) in Washington, Oregon, and northern California (U.S.A.). Nevertheless, 10-year monitoring data indicate mixed success in meeting the ecological goals of the plan. We used the ecosystem management decision-support model...