Hierarchical and recursive structure is commonly found in inputs from the richest sensory modalities, including natural language sentences and scene images. But such hierarchical structure has traditionally been a strong point of both structured and supervised models (whether symbolic of probabilistic) and a weak point of both neural networks and unsupervised learning. I will present some of ou...

This article discusses theoretical research on abstraction methods that describe the contents of laws at an abstract level above the code. Abstractions are useful for several purposes, for instance to determine the normative essence of an existing law, which is interesting from the viewpoint of legal theory. In legislative drafting deep structures are intermediate formalizations between the nor...

arabic and persian poems have numerous common points and poets of these two languages share the  same point in style, subject, structure and music of poetry. mahdi akhavan thaleth, famous iranian poet, and boland al-heidari, well-known iraqi poet,  are among poets who have many similarities in their works. as an example, there are some conceptual and verbal  similarities between qasedak and sae...

The Lehmann discontinuity at 220-km depth is an important global feature which occurs under both oceans and continents. It is a barrier to penetration by young lithosphere and marks the base of seismicity in regions of continent-continent collision. The strong lateral variation in upper mantle velocities occurs mainly above this depth. Continental roots extend no deeper than about 150-200 km. T...

Protein secondary structure (SS) prediction is important for studying protein structure and function. When only the sequence (profile) information is used as input feature, currently the best predictors can obtain ~80% Q3 accuracy, which has not been improved in the past decade. Here we present DeepCNF (Deep Convolutional Neural Fields) for protein SS prediction. DeepCNF is a Deep Learning exte...

In many real-world hybrid (mixed discrete continuous) planning problems such as Reservoir Control, Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC), and Navigation, it is difficult to obtain a model of the complex nonlinear dynamics that govern state evolution. However, the ubiquity of modern sensors allow us to collect large quantities of data from each of these complex systems and build accur...

The studied area includes Sulaimani, Erbil and Dohuk Governorates where Cretaceous rocks are well exposed in the High Folded Zone of North and Northeastern Iraq. This area is part of the northwestern boundary of Arabian platform near to Iranian border. In these governorates, the study tries to clarify the relations between deep and shallow stratigraphic units (formation or facies) during Cretac...