This paper provides some of the rst evidence that rural development policies can have fundamental e ects on the reallocation of labor between rural and urban areas. It studies the spillover e ects of the world's largest rural workfare program, India's rural employment guarantee. We nd that the workfare program has substantial consequences: it reduces short-term (or seasonal) migration to urban ...

OBJECTIVE To explore the reasons why individuals recurrently present with asthma to hospital emergency departments. DESIGN A predominantly qualitative study in which participants were interviewed in-depth about their asthma. Data on medication use, respiratory health and asthma knowledge were also collected, and asthma severity was determined from medical records. SETTING A tertiary teachin...

This paper provides a history of the early contributions to the scientific study of migration. We begin with Ravenstein (1880s) and also feature the work of D.S. Thomas (1930s). Moreover, the development of the gravity model as applied to migration research (1930s and 1940s) is discussed. We discuss the historical reasons for interest in various migration phenomena, and we briefly treat the dev...

Recent migration trends, fueled in part by the Nation’s love of forests, water, and other natural amenities, are altering the rural landscape. Since the late 1960s, the United States has seen both continued growth of metro populations and renewed population increase in many nonmetro counties. There has been a move toward population deconcentration, reflected both in the tendency of settlement t...

Large rural-urban child mortality differentials in many developing countries suggest that rural families can improve their children's survival chances by leaving the countryside and settling in towns and cities. This study uses data from Demographic and Health Surveys in 17 countries to assess the impact of maternal rural-urban migration on the survival chances of children under age two in the ...

Despite China's substantial internal migration, longstanding rural-urban bifurcation has prompted many migrants to leave their children behind in rural areas. This study examines the consequences of out-migration for children's education using longitudinal data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (N = 885). This study takes into account the complex family migration strategies and disting...

Migration plays an important role in the process of economic development and social transformation. This paper analyzes the push factors of rural to urban labour migration. The empirical results shows that increasing per capita Net State Domestic Product decreases the number of out-migrants from the rural areas of that state whereas increasing the proportion of population living below poverty l...

Abstract. Since the 1970s, in-migration has driven swelling human presence and dramatic physical landscape changes in the Northern Ecuadorian Amazon frontier. Particularly in recent years, population growth and redistribution has engendered important consequences on deforestation and on the incipient, but increasing, urbanization in the frontier. This paper uses longitudinal and multi-scale dat...

BACKGROUND Food security has deteriorated for many people in developing regions facing high and volatile food prices. Without effective and equitable responses, the situation is likely to worsen due to diminishing access to land and water, competition from non-food uses of agricultural products, and the effects of climate change and variability. Understanding how this will affect the burden and...

This paper investigates the determinants of rural-urban migration by adult males in Matlab Thana, Bangladesh, from 1983 to 1991. A three-category model of family migration, individual migration, or no migration identifies important distinctions in the determinants of family and individual migration that would be masked by a simple two-outcome migration model. Family migration, which entails for...