The definition of disorder as a harmful dysfunction (J. C. Wakefield, 1999) is a useful concept, anchored in the recognition that the evolved human architecture consists of a collection of functional mechanisms that may potentially be impaired and whose impairment may be harmful. Because natural selection organized each mechanism to solve a distinct adaptive problem under ancestral conditions, ...

This paper presents a taxonomy of multicast protocols in distributed computing systems. It classi®es multicast protocols based on a four-dimensional model which is derived from the analysis of both application requirements and design goals of multicast mechanisms. The four dimensions are atomicity, ordering, real-time delivery and fault tolerance. Multicast protocols can be described by paramet...

The zooplanktonic community of Lake Paranoá has been studied for more than thirty years. Until 1998, when it was considered eutrophic, only three cladoceran species were known from the reservoir. Since 1999, when Lake Paranoá underwent intentional flushing, definite changes in species diversity and composition were identified. At the same time, exploratory studies on littoral cladoceran species...

Introduction There are excellent papers covering the molecular epidemiology of spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV; Stone et al., 2003; Miller et al., 2007; Sheppard et al., 2007; Warg et al., 2007), the emergence of SVCV in Asia (Liu et al., 2004; Teng et al., 2007), the impact on fish populations in North America (Goodwin, 2002; Dikkeboom et al., 2004; Garver et al., 2007), and descriptions of...

Taxonomy is widely used in many of the website and directory navigation schemes for content/knowledge retrieval. However, information or content navigation support through taxonomy is often constrained due to its inability to take into account the full nomenclature and cultural nuances of knowledge seekers. The emergence and increasing adoption of collaborative tagging (social bookmarking) tool...

UNLABELLED At advanced stages of working with user-defined protein and gene sequence collections, it is frequently necessary to link these data to the taxonomic tree and to extract subsets in accordance with taxonomic considerations. Since no general automatic tools had been available, this was a tedious manual effort. Our taxonomy workbench allows processing of sequence sets, mapping of these ...

The development of taxonomies/ontologies is a human intensive process requiring prohibitively large resource commitments in terms of time and cost. In our previous work we have identified an experimentation framework for semi-automatic taxonomy/hierarchy generation from unstructured text. As observed in the preliminary results presented, the taxonomy/hierarchy quality was lower than we had anti...

In this paper we face the automatic construction of a lexical taxonomy for the Spanish language using as input a taxonomy of English (WordNet)1 and a set of bilingual (English/Spanish) resources. Although applied to Spanish/English our method claims to be general enough to be applied in the cases a skeletal taxonomy already exists and we dispose of methods for mapping items to this taxonomy wit...