The nutrient sensor O-GlcNAc transferase modifies proteins with the O-GlcNAc moiety. In this issue, Capotosti et al. (2011) reveal that O-GlcNAc transferase not only glycosylates the cell-cycle regulator host cell factor 1 but activates it through proteolytic cleavage, providing a surprising link between metabolism and epigenetic regulation of the cell cycle.

Introduction Conclusions References

Nutrient labeling is found to significantly affect consumer purchase behavior; some evidence that consumers may act as if they hold nutrient (or health risk) budgets is found. Providing nutrient information may allow consumers to more easily switch consumption away from 'unhealthy' products in those food categories where differences in other quality characteristics (e.g., taste) are relatively ...

Genetic manipulations in nutrient-sensing pathways are known to both extend lifespan and modify responses to environmental stressors (e.g., starvation, oxidative and thermal stresses), suggesting that similar mechanisms regulate lifespan and stress resistance. However, despite being a key factor reducing female lifespan and affecting female fitness, male-induced harm has rarely been considered ...

Contents 1. Introduction 2. Gene expression for uterine proteins and nutrient transporters 2.1. Temporal and spatial changes in steroid hormone receptors in the uterus during the peri-implantation period of pregnancy 3. Pregnancy recognition 3.1. Luteotrophic versus antiluteolytic signaling for pregnancy recognition 3.2. Corpus luteum formation and regression 3.3. Pregnancy recognition signals ...

To ensure efficient energy supply to the high demanding brain, nutrients are transported into brain cells via specific glucose (GLUT) and monocarboxylate transporters (MCT). Mitochondrial dysfunction and altered glucose metabolism are thought to play an important role in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, we investigated the cellular localiza...

Autophagy is an intracellular process facilitating the vacuolar degradation of cytoplasmic components and is important for nutrient recycling during starvation. We previously demonstrated that chloroplasts can be partially mobilized to the vacuole by autophagy via spherical bodies named Rubisco-containing bodies (RCBs). Although chloroplasts contain approximately 80% of total leaf nitrogen and ...

Chlorella pyrenoidosa is a microalgae species that contains proteins, carbohydrates, amino acids, carotenoids, vitamins, and minerals. Due to its compounds, the researchers have attempted make bioethanol using C. through biorefinery approach. However, ratio of production towards raw material needs still small because low carbohydrate content. Thus, in this research, vinasse used as growth mediu...

At the very deepest molecular level, mechanisms of life depend on operation proteins, so-called “workhorses” cell. Proteins are nanoscale machines that transform energy into useful cellular work, such as ion or nutrient transport, information processing, transformation. Behind every biological task, there is a nanometer-sized molecule whose shape and intrinsic motions, binding, sensing properti...

Abstract Nannochloropsis oceanica F&M-M24 is able to increase its lipid content during nitrogen starvation more than 50% of the total biomass. We investigated ultrastructural changes and variation in main cell biomolecules that accompany final phase accumulation. Nitrogen induced a first thylakoid disruption followed by chloroplast macroautophagy formation droplets. During this phase, amoun...