To evaluate concordance of eating practices in a rural Guatemalan setting with the 14-point cancer prevention recommendations of the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research. Two-hundred sixty nine food-frequency questionnaires based on the Willett model were analysed with respect to concordance with the recommendations, aimed at constraining intakes of: fat, sugar, sal...

OBJECTIVE To explain the low nutrient intakes of homeless youth in Toronto by looking at their usual food intake patterns and the food they obtained from charitable programs and their own purchases. METHODS Interviews were conducted with 261 homeless youth (149 male, 112 female), recruited from outdoor locations and drop-in centres in downtown Toronto. Drawing on data from two 24-hour dietary...

A decrease in metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence may lower the cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden. The predictive value of nutritional recommendations for the incidence of MetS has not yet been evaluated. We assessed, in a population-based study, the association between the French National Nutrition and Health Program Guideline Score (PNNS-GS) and 6-y risk of MetS. Participants in the Supplé...

A primary goal of nutritional support is to provide the energy requirements needed to sustain metabolic processes, maintain body temperature and tissue repair. The beginnings of artificial nutrition were characterized by high calorie nutritional formulae. The assimilation of physiological concepts, accumulating research data and clinical experience led to a progressive reduction of this intake....

OBJECTIVE This study investigates the nutritional factors that determine the absence of anemia in infants from families with a low socioeconomic background submitted to a nutrition intervention program, as well as iron intake according to recommendations. METHODS The study included 369 children from a cohort of inhabitants of São Leopoldo, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, who were randomiz...

Malnutrition is a frequent problem in cancer patients, which leads to prolonged hospitalization, a higher degree of treatment-related toxicity, reduced response to cancer treatment, impaired quality of life and a worse overall prognosis. The attitude towards this issue varies considerably and many malnourished patients receive inadequate nutritional support. We reviewed available data present i...

Iodine is a necessary element for the production of thyroid hormone. We will review the impact of dietary iodine status on thyroid function in pregnancy. We will discuss iodine metabolism, homeostasis, and nutritional recommendations for pregnancy. We will also discuss the possible effects of environmental contaminants on iodine utilization in pregnant women.

Diet and lifestyle advice for individuals with diabetes has changed dramatically. The changes in nutritional recommendations have largely been in response to advances in the knowledge of the biochemical and physiological mechanisms of impaired glucose metabolism and the micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes. The most recent guidelines for the nutritional management of diabetes were...