Background: During the past decade, phenomenon of Oak decline has affected valuable Zagros Forests in western Iran. Quercus brantii as most important tree species these forests been damaged more than any other species. Many factors are involved this phenomenon. The purpose study was to identify areas with high potential for and determine affecting it. In study, using multi-criteria evaluation m...

Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Kansas Biological Survey, University of Kansas, 2101 Constant Ave, Lawrence, KS 66044, USA USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 607 Reserve Street, Hot Springs, AR, 71902, USA Department ...

Shortleaf pine-oak-hickory woodlands provided the principal vegetation cover in the Tallahassee Red Hills prior to land clearing for plantation agriculture in the 19th century. Ample historical documentation and extant remnants of that community, including old-growth, support this conclusion. This woodland was maintained by surface fires and consisted principally of open stands of shortleaf pin...

The traditional approach to spreadsheet auditing generally consists of auditing every distinct formula within a spreadsheet. Although tools are developed to support auditors during this process, the approach is still very time consuming and therefore relatively expensive. As an alternative to the traditional 'control through' approach, this paper discusses a 'control around' approach. Within th...

Introduction Numerous lines of inquiry have concluded that tanoak (Lithocarpus densiflorus) will continue to experience drastic population declines and may even disappear entirely from redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) forests as a result of the exotic disease sudden oak death (SOD) (Maloney and others 2005, McPherson and others 2005, Meentemeyer and others 2004, Rizzo and others 2005). As the onl...

We introduce a real-time method to monitor the evolution of oak aromas during the oak toasting process. French and American oak wood boards were toasted in an oven at three different temperatures, while the process-gas was continuously transferred to the inlet of a proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer for online monitoring. Oak wood aroma compounds important for their senso...

We conducted a case-control study to examine the role of water stress and various other factors on the development of Phytophthora ramorum cankers in symptomatic (case) and symptomless (control) coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia) and tanoak (Lithocarpus densiflorus). Midday stem water potential (SWP) in Q. agrifolia subject trees ranged from – 0.25 to –3.1 megapascals (MPa). SWP was higher (ind...

D. S. Kim,1,* H. L. Smith,1 J. L. Niedziela,2 C. W. Li,3 D. L. Abernathy,4 and B. Fultz1 1Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA 2Instrument and Source Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA 3Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn...

C. W. Li,1,2,* H. L. Smith,2 T. Lan,2 J. L. Niedziela,3 J. A. Muñoz,2 J. B. Keith,2 L. Mauger,2 D. L. Abernathy,4 and B. Fultz2 1Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA 2Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA 3Instrument and Source Division, Oak R...