The study was conducted to investigate the potential of Parkia biglobosa fruit pulp as substrate for citric acid production by Aspergillus niger. Reducing sugar was estimated by 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid and citric acid was estimated spectrophotometrically using pyridine-acetic anhydride methods. The studies revealed that production parameters (pH, inoculum size, substrate concentration, incuba...

We determined whether size, an indirect measure of teneral energy reserves, modifies the fitness advantage (sigma survival x egg production/female/day) conferred to female Aedes aegypti (L.) maintained on human blood over cohorts fed human blood plus sugar. Different sized females were obtained by rearing them at different larval densities and with different amounts of food per larva. Each fema...

Sugars (sucrose + hexoses) produced photosynthetically by isolated mesophyll protoplasts of wheat and tobacco were effluxed across the plasma membrane (3 to 10 micromoles hexose equivalents per milligram chlorophyll per hour). The efflux was sensitive to uncouplers and oligomycin which indicated a requirement for energy. A proton gradient was probably not coupled directly to the transport becau...

The lactose permease (LacY) catalyzes galactoside/H(+) symport via an alternating access mechanism in which sugar- and H(+)-binding sites in the middle of the molecule are alternatively exposed to either side of the membrane by opening and closing of inward- and outward-facing cavities. The crystal structures of wild-type LacY, as well as accessibility data for the protein in the membrane, prov...

the main objective of this study was to develop an optimal cropping pattern for sugar beet growers in fasa district (fars province) and to investigate sugar beet importance in cropping pattern. regarding the effect of risk on producer's decision, two risk sources including price and yield were considered. data was obtained from fasa district producers in 2008. in this study multi-objective...

in this study, the performance of different cultivation methods on sugar beet fields was evaluated. eight treatments were considered: a) use of a rolling cultivator twice during the growing season; b) use of a rolling cultivator three times during the growing season; c) use of a crescent cultivator twice during the growing season; d) use of a crescent cultivator three times during the growing s...

Cane sugar, sucrose, is a molecule composed of one unit of glucose and one of fructose. In the body, both the glucose and fructose are eventually burnt to produce carbon dioxide and water and provide energy that allows the body to maintain homeostasis. Other dietary macronutrients including other carbohydrates e.g. as in taro, fats, protein and alcohol are also be burnt to provide energy. There...

BACKGROUND The conditions for steam pretreatment of sugar cane bagasse and leaves were studied using CO2 as an impregnating agent. The following conditions were investigated: time (5 to 15 min) and temperature (190 to 220 degrees C). The pretreatment was assessed in terms of glucose and xylose yields after enzymatic hydrolysis and inhibitor formation (furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural) in the ...

The urine from three patients with marmosidosis was found to contain abnormally high amounts of mannose-containing oligosaccharides. The highest yield (123 to 430 mg per liter of urine) was obtained of a trisaccharide, which was isolated and characterized. The isolation procedure included ultrafiltration, gel chromatography on Sephadex G-25, purification by preparative zone electrophoresis, and...