Conventional power generation is one of the main contributors to phenomenon greenhouse effect. This has led a diversification electricity sources including environmentally friendly energy such as solar energy. Off-grid PV systems have gained some traction due their cost-effectiveness for rural communities. However, intermittent nature challenge developing off-grid system. Moreover, high capital...

Sampled points on a measured surface are not evenly spaced rectangular grids but, rather, have more general quadrilateral geometry due to the perspective effect of off-axis configuration, which is extensively utilized in phase measuring deflectometry (PMD). The current procedures for slope-to-wavefront integration results reconstruction errors, impact PMD achieve higher measurement accuracy. Du...

We propose a fast algorithm for on-line path search in gridlike undirected planar graphs with real edge costs (aka terrains). Our algorithm depends on an off-line analysis of the graph, requiring polylogarithmic time and space. The off-line preprocessing constructs a hierarchical representation which allows detection of features specific to the terrain. While our algorithm is not guaranteed to ...