Inflation predicts a primordial gravitational wave spectrum that is slightly “red,” i.e. nearly scale-invariant with slowly increasing power at longer wavelengths. In this paper, we compute both the amplitude and spectral form of the primordial tensor spectrum predicted by cyclic/ekpyrotic models. The spectrum is exponentially suppressed compared to inflation on long wavelengths, and the strong...

Spectral and polarization sensitivity measurements were made at several levels (retina, first and third optic ganglion, cervical connective, behavior) of the dipteran visual nervous system. At all levels, it was possible to reveal contributions from the retinular cell subsystem cells 1 to 6 or the retinular cell subsystem cells 7 and 8 or both. Only retinular cells I to 6 were directly studied,...

We probe turbulence structure from centimetric to metric scales by simultaneous imagery at mid-infrared and visible wavelengths at the VLT telescope and show that it departs significantly from the commonly used Kolmogorov model. The data can be fitted by the von Kármán model with an outer scale of the order of 30 m and we see clear signs of the phase structure function saturation across the 8-m...

With moth declines reported across Europe, and parallel changes in the amount and spectra of street lighting, it is important to understand exactly how artificial lights affect moth populations. We therefore compared the relative attractiveness of shorter wavelength (SW) and longer wavelength (LW) lighting to macromoths. SW light attracted significantly more individuals and species of moth, eit...

One of the present challenges in optical coherence tomography (OCT) is the visualization of deeper structural morphology in biological tissues. Owing to a reduced scattering, a larger imaging depth can be achieved by using longer wavelengths. In this work, we analyze the OCT imaging depth at wavelengths around 1300 nm and 1600 nm by comparing the scattering coefficient and OCT imaging depth for...

We present observations of H 2 fluorescence at wavelengths between 1000 and 1200Å from the bright reflection nebula IC 63. Observations were performed with the Berkeley spectrograph aboard the ORFEUS-II mission (Hurwitz et al. 1998). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detection of astrophysical H 2 fluorescent emission at these wavelengths (excluding planetary atmospheres). The sha...

We present observations of H2 fluorescence at wavelengths between 1000 and 1200 Å from the bright reflection nebula IC 63. Observations were performed with the Berkeley spectrograph aboard the ORFEUS-II mission (Hurwitz et al. 1998). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detection of astrophysical H2 fluorescent emission at these wavelengths (excluding planetary atmospheres). The shap...

We present an analysis of XMM-Newton observations four stars in the young (670 Myr) open cluster Praesepe. The planets hosted by these all lie close radius-period space to valley and/or Neptunian desert, two features that photoevaporation X-ray and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) photons could be driving. Although are no longer saturated regime, strong irradiation is still ongoing. Based on EUV time ...

We measured colorimetric purity thresholds as a function of stimulus duration for seven wavelengths between 430 and 650 nm. Purity thresholds were measured in a hue substitution mode. The purity-duration function showed decreasing purity as duration was increased to about 640 msec. Functions for different wavelengths could be fit by a fixed chromatic template displaced on the purity axis. Incre...

The optical absorption in a nanowire heterostructure consisting of a crystalline silicon core surrounded by a conformal shell of amorphous silicon is studied. We show that they exhibit extremely high absorption of 95% at short wavelengths (λ < 550 nm) and a concomitant very low absorption of down to less than 2% at long wavelengths (λ > 780 nm). These results indicate that our nanowires do not ...