In this paper, a novel methodology is proposed to solve a cooperative multi-depot vehicle routing problem. We establish a mathematical model for multi-owner VRP in which each owner (i.e. player) manages single or multiple depots. The basic idea consists of offering an option that owners cooperatively manage the VRP to save their costs. We present cooperative game theory techniques for cost savi...

The margin system is a clearinghouse’s first line of defense against the default risk. From the perspectives of a clearinghouse, the utmost concern is to have a prudential system to control the default exposure. Once the level of prudentiality is set, the next concern is the opportunity cost to the investors. It is because high opportunity cost discourages people from hedging futures and thus d...

Strategic models identify areas of development opportunity and constraints for long term management strategies. A GIS based environmental decision support system for solid waste management under Indian socio-economic and regulatory conditions has been developed. For selection for primary landfill site selection using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) has been used to give weights to different ...

We propose an index of climate change based on practical climate indicators such as heating degree days and the frequency of intense precipitation. We find that in most regions the index is positive, the sense predicted to accompany global warming. In a few regions, especially in Asia and western North America, the index indicates that climate change should be apparent already, but in most plac...

http://jpis.org This August I had the opportunity to discuss scientific publication policy with my colleagues in the Asia Pacific region and World Health Organization (WHO) at the annual convention of the Asia Pacific Association of Medical Journal Editors (APAME) held in Bangkok, Thailand. APAME is an Asia Pacific-centered nongovernmental, nonpartisan and nonprofit organization under a mission...

This paper analyzes the equity of opportunity in basic education and infrastructure services in seven developing countries, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Indonesia, Pakistan, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Viet Nam. The analysis applies a method developed by the World Bank called the Human Opportunity Index, which measures the total contribution of individual socioeconomic and demographic circumstances ...

despite wide-range of studies in the theories of the entrepreneurship field, few studies have offered a pervasive conceptual model or a general consensus of the existing theories. hence, this paper attempts to extend a comprehensive principle on entrepreneurship. in general, there are two common interpretations of the term ‘entrepreneurship’. one of the common views is schumpeterian, emphasizin...