In solid-state materials lacking a center of symmetry, cascaded second-order nonlinear optical effects, especially the combination of optical rectification and the linear electro-optic effect, are an important contribution to degenerate four-wave mixing ~DFWM!, an experimental tool widely used to measure the third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility. This quantity determines the magnitude of...

We review our ongoing work on deploying optical (atomic) magnetometry for measuring the magnetic response of magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) samples, yielding MNP size distributions, and other sample parameters like Néel relaxation time τ , saturation magnetisation Ms, anisotropy constant K and magnetic susceptibility χ. We address magnetorelaxation (MRX) signals, in which the decaying magnetisatio...

Bragg spaced quantum wells represent a unique class of resonant photonic materials, wherein a photonic bandgap is created by the periodic spacing of quantum wells and the associated variation in the complex susceptibility (index and absorption) of the material. Interest in BSQWs has grown in the past decade due to their large ultrafast nonlinearities and the corresponding large ultrafast reflec...

background nucleus(t)ide analogs (nas), containing lamivudine (lmv), adefovir dipivoxil (adv), endeavor (etv), telbivudine (ldt), and tenofovir (tdf) are widely used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis b (chb), but long term anti-hepatitis b virus (hbv) therapy with nas may give rise to the emergence of drug-resistant viral mutants. objectives this study aimed to find and identify some new r...

conclusions the monitoring of antifungal susceptibilities of candida species isolated from clinical sources is highly recommended for the efficient management of patients. moreover, the trailing effect should be taken into consideration once the interpretation of the results is intended. results among the tested antifungal drugs in this study, the highest rate of resistance was observed against...