We reported the optical properties of hybrid Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) designed by silicon waveguide covered with graphene material in single-atomic layer thickness. Graphene was applied to the specific area of MZI arm in certain length. The upper arm was set as the sensing region and another arm plays an important key as the reference signal. The sensor sensitivity has determined mathe...

A chalcogenide-assisted silicon waveguide is realized by depositing a thin layer of A(2)S(3) glass onto a conventional silicon on insulator optical waveguide. The photosensitivity of the chalcogenide is exploited to locally change the optical properties of the waveguide through exposure to visible light radiation. Waveguide trimming is experimentally demonstrated by permanently shifting the res...

Luminescence-based waveguide is widely investigated as a promising alternative to conquer the difficulties of efficiently coupling light into a waveguide. But applications have been still limited due to employing blue or ultraviolet light as excitation source with the lower penetration depth leading to a weak guided light. Here, we show a quasi-one-dimensional propagation of luminescence and th...

A wide range of transformation media designed with conformal mapping are currently being studied extensively due to their favorable properties: isotropy, moderate index requirements, low loss and broad bandwidth. For optical frequency operation, the transformation media are commonly fabricated on high index semiconductor thin films. These 2D implementations, however, inevitably introduces waveg...

In order to reveal the physical processes taking place within the ECR ion thruster “ μ10 ”, internal plasma diagnosis is indispensable. However, the ability of metallic probes to access microwave plasmas biased at a high voltage is limited from the standpoints of he disturbance created in the electric field and electrical isolation. This study demonstrates two kinds of plasma parameter measurem...

With diameter close to or below the wavelength of guided light and high index contrast between the fiber core and the surrounding, an optical microfiber shows a variety of interesting waveguiding properties, including widely tailorable optical confinement, evanescent fields and waveguide dispersion. Among various microfiber applications, optical sensing has been attracting increasing research i...

The operation of a mid-infrared laser at 2244 nm in a Cr:ZnS polycrystalline channel waveguide fabricated using direct femtosecond laser writing with a helical movement technique is demonstrated. A maximum power output of 78 mW and an optical-to-optical slope efficiency of 8.6% are achieved. The compact waveguide structure with 2 mm length was obtained through direct femtosecond laser writing, ...

Transformation optics gives rise to numerous unusual optical devices, such as novel metamaterial lenses and invisibility cloaks. Very recently, Mattheakis et al. (Luneburg lens waveguide networks. J. Opt. 2012, 14, 114006) have suggested theoretical design of an optical waveguide, based on a network of Luneburg lenses, which may be useful in sensing and nonlinear optics applications. Here, we r...

We report electroabsorption modulation of light at around 1550 nm in a unipolar InGaAlAs optical waveguide containing an InGaAs/AlAs double-barrier resonant tunneling diode ~RTD!. The RTD peak-to-valley transition increases the electric field across the waveguide, which shifts the core material absorption band edge to longer wavelengths via the Franz–Keldysh effect, thus changing the light-guid...

Slot-waveguides allow light to be guided and strongly confined inside a nanometer-scale region of low refractive index. Thus stronger light-analyte interaction can be obtained as compared to that achievable by a conventional waveguide, in which the propagating beam is confined to the high-refractive-index core of the waveguide. In addition, slot-waveguides can be fabricated by employing CMOS co...