This paper will deal mainly with the performance study and analysis statistical properties of the noise found in various PET images. The method is specifically designed for types of noise produced by acquisition and transmission sequence in PET images. Here signal fluctuations generally originate in the physical processes of imaging rather than in the tissue textures. Various types of noise (tr...

Ravishankar Ramanathan,1, ∗ Alastair Kay,2, 3 Gláucia Murta,1, 4 Remigiusz Augusiak,5 Michał Horodecki,6, 7 and Paweł Horodecki1, 8 National Quantum Information Center of Gdańsk, 81-824 Sopot, Poland Department of Mathematics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK University of Gdańsk, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland Departamento de Fisica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,...

BACKGROUND Whether prism, especially base-up prism, affects the area of the retina used for fixation in a patient with central scotoma has been a controversial subject for 35 years. Our pilot study employed microperimetry to evaluate the effect of base-up prism on the fixation locus, or preferred retinal locus (PRL), in subjects with central scotoma. METHODS We used a microperimeter to assess...

We report structure/property relationships in bicrystalline α-Fe2O3 nanowires (NWs) and nanoblades (NBs), synthesized by thermal oxidation of iron foils with different surface roughness. The electrical properties of individual nanostructures were studied by in situ transmission electron microscopy. Current-voltage (I-V) measurements using gold electrodes showed that a Schottky contact forms bet...

In Li and Yin (2008, Biometrics 64, 124-131), a ridge SIR estimator is introduced as the solution of a minimization problem and computed thanks to an alternating least-squares algorithm. This methodology reveals good performance in practice. In this note, we focus on the theoretical properties of the estimator. It is shown that the minimization problem is degenerated in the sense that only two ...

The probability of finding a spherical cavity or "hole" of arbitrarily large size in typical disordered many-particle systems in the infinite-system-size limit (e.g., equilibrium liquid states) is non-zero. Such "hole" statistics are intimately linked to the thermodynamic and nonequilibrium physical properties of the system. Disordered "stealthy" many-particle configurations in d-dimensional Eu...

The in vitro accelerated aging of conventional and microfilled composite restorative materials and a sealant was studied. Volume loss/surface area ranged from 2.0 x 10(-3) mm3/mm2 for I to 7.3 x 10(-3) mm3/mm2 for SF after 900 h of aging. Surface morphology of the conventional composites was characterized by crazing and exposure of filler particles. The surfaces of the microfilled composites al...

Novel two-dimensional (2D) materials show unusual physical properties which combined with strain engineering open up the possibility of new potential device applications in nanoelectronics. In particular, transport properties have been found to be very sensitive to applied strain. In the present work, using a density-functional based tight-binding (DFTB) method in combination with Green's funct...

The artificial neural network with one hidden unit and the input nodes connected to the output node is considered. It is proven that the error surface of this network for the patterns of the XOR problem has minimum values with zero error and that all other stationary points of the error surface are saddle points. Also, the volume of the regions in weight space with saddle points is zero, hence ...