OBJECTIVE To discuss the pathophysiology of vancomycin-induced immediate hypersensitivity reactions, review the process of vancomycin desensitization, and provide specific directions for ordering and preparing rapid and slow desensitization protocols. DATA SOURCES A MEDLINE search (1966-February 2001) of English-language literature pertaining to vancomycin desensitization and hypersensitivity...

Components of Meichenbaum's cognitive-behavior modification treatment for test anxiety were varied in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Desensitization and cognitive treatments were either given or not given. The resultant conditions were (a) desensitization only, (b) cognitive only, (c) the combination cognitive plus desensitization,, and (d) neither cognitive nor desensitization (control). Each test-...

Background Oral immunotherapy (OIT) is a promising treatment for food allergies; however, safety concern. We synthesized evidence from the best randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on efficacy/safety of OIT desensitization (DS) and remission (sustained unresponsiveness (SU)) in IgE mediated allergy to peanut, hen's eggs, cow's milk. Body searched Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane databases (Until Oct 22)...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Antiepileptic drug (AED)-associated cutaneous adverse drug reactions can lead to the discontinuation of medications. The aim of this study was to determine the long-term efficacy and safety of performing desensitization to oxcarbazepine. METHODS This study involved 20 patients who exhibited cutaneous adverse drug reactions associated with oxcarbazepine use between July ...

In whole-cell recordings from mammalian CNS neurons, AMPA-preferring glutamate receptors exhibit strong desensitization in response to AMPA, glutamate, and quisqualate, but not to kainate or domoate. Such desensitization is reduced by lectins, by the nootropic drug aniracetam, and by diazoxide. None of these compounds strongly modulate responses to kainate and domoate, consistent with the appar...

Food allergy results from failure in oral tolerance that usually occurs in infancy or early childhood. Exposure to peanut and hen's egg via the inflamed and disrupted epithelial barrier in children with severe atopic dermatitis is a risk factor for the development of allergy to these foods and supports the hypothesis that epicutaneous exposure in the absence of oral feeding is an important path...

Abstract The current management of a primary IgE-mediated peanut allergy consists the two basic pillars “exposure prophylaxis” with avoidance allergen and “emergency therapy” short-term treatment an acute allergic reaction after accidental ingestion. Accidental reactions are common despite attempted avoidance. severity or even anaphylactic ingestion is difficult to assess prior reaction. In add...

The transient receptor potential channel subtypes V1 (TRPV1) and A1 (TRPA1) play a critical role in the development of hyperalgesia in inflammatory pain models. Although several studies in animals and humans have demonstrated that capsaicin (CAP), a TRPV1-specific agonist, and mustard oil (MO), a TRPA1 agonist, evoke responses that undergo functional cross-desensitization in various models, the...

Activation and desensitization kinetics of the rat P2X1 receptor at nanomolar ATP concentrations were studied in Xenopus oocytes using two-electrode voltage-clamp recording. The solution exchange system used allowed complete and reproducible solution exchange in <0.5 s. Sustained exposure to 1-100 nM ATP led to a profound desensitization of P2X1 receptors. At steady-state, desensitization could...