A 37-year-old female presented with severe apraxia of lid opening (ALO) affecting the right upper lid associated with Becker congenital myotonia (MC). The patient had a history of right upper lid ptosis for 25 years that was exacerbated over the previous month with severe incapacity to open her right eye. No other associated neurological or ophthalmic symptoms were observed. The patient was tre...

Facial mimicry (FM) is an automatic response to imitate the facial expressions of others. However, neural correlates of the phenomenon are as yet not well established. We investigated this issue using simultaneously recorded EMG and BOLD signals during perception of dynamic and static emotional facial expressions of happiness and anger. During display presentations, BOLD signals and zygomaticus...

We describe a 16-year-old female patient affected by photo-induced temporal lobe epilepsy. During intermittent photic stimulation she showed a photoparoxysmal response in the EEG. This case was diagnosed from clinical symptoms, single photon emission computer tomography, and EEG data. The clinical symptoms were relieved by the administration of carbamazepine. As these photoparoxysmal responses ...

Deficient eyelid closure is a major visual threat to patients with unresolved facial nerve palsy. Gold weight implants assisted eyelid closure in patients with paresis of the orbicularis oculi, ameliorating patient complaints of dry eye, excessive tearing, and corneal epithelial breakdown. We used dynamic measures to assess the efficacy of upper eyelid gold weight implantation surgery for facia...

We examined if emotional faces elicit physiological responses similar to pictures of emotional scenes. Forty one students viewed emotional scenes (negative, neutral, and positive) and emotional faces (angry, neutral, and happy). Heart rate, orbicularis oculi and electrodermal activity were measured continuously, and the startle reflex was elicited. Although the patterns of valence and arousal r...

Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) or spinocerebellar ataxia type-3 (SCA3) is a rare and progressive neurodegenerative disorder, as well as the most frequently inherited spinocerebellar ataxia. It has extensive polymorphic features, described through a spectrum of neurological, and especially, ophthalmological manifestations. Besides the deterioration of the oculomotor systems, degeneration predomina...