Clinical embryo vitrification evolved with the development of unique vitrification devices in the 21st century and with the misconception that ultra-rapid cooling in an "open" system (i.e., direct LN2 contact) was a necessity to optimize vitrification success. The dogma surrounding the importance of cooling rates led to unsafe practices subject to technical variation and to the creation of vitr...

Cryopreservation of ovarian tissue and in vitro follicle maturation are two emerging techniques for fertility preservation, especially in cancer patients. These treatment regimes are opening up more options and allow for more suitable choices to preserve fertility according to the patient's specific circumstances. If these technologies are to become widely accepted, they need to be safe, easy t...

Vitrification is an excellent tool in the IVF laboratory, enabling options and offering flexibility in assisted reproduction. The technology of cryopreservation has been underway since the early 20th century. The advent of vitrification has advanced the expectations in routine clinical practice in the IVF laboratory presenting impressive results both in post-thaw survival, and in clinical pregn...

Interest in oocyte cryopreservation has recently increased with the growing importance of in vitro embryo production, nuclear transfer, and gene banking (Gordon, 1997; Andrus et al., 2000). A relatively recent approach to achieve rapid freezing without the use of expensive freezing devices is called vitrification. Vitrification is defined as the physical process by which a highly concentrated s...

International guidelines are published to provide standardized information and fertility preservation (FP) care for adults children. The purpose of the study was conduct a modified Delphi process generating FP BGD. A steering committee identified 42 potential practices Then 114 key stakeholders were asked participate in via two online survey rounds final meeting. Consensus reached 28 items. Amo...

With the increase in survivorship following cancer for women in their reproductive years, as well as an increase in survivorship with childhood cancers, there is a demand for perfecting current fertility preservation methods and generating new options for patients who are unable to pursue the conventional course of fertility treatments. Cryopreservation using a slow-cooling method for embryos i...

BACKGROUND A bolus dose of GnRH agonist can substitute for hCG as a trigger for the resumption of meiosis in ovarian stimulation with GnRH antagonists, which has been suggested to reduce the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). As the efficacy of this measure in fresh embryo transfer (ET) cycles is unclear, we evaluated a new clinical concept of GnRH-agonist triggering. METHODS I...

BACKGROUND Vitrification is now a commonly applied technique for cryopreservation in assisted reproductive technology (ART) replacing, in many cases, conventional slow cooling methodology. This review examines evidence relevant to comparison of the two approaches applied to human oocytes and embryos at different developmental stages. METHODS Critical review of the published literature using P...