Search systems are often focused on providing relevant results for the “now”, assuming both corpora and user needs that focus on the present. However, many corpora today reflect significant longitudinal collections ranging from 20 years of the Web to hundreds of years of digitized newspapers and books. Understanding the temporal intent of the user and retrieving the most relevant historical con...

The paper presents a dynamic solution method for dynamic minimum parametric networks flow. The solution method solves the problem for a special parametric dynamic network with linear lower bound functions of a single parameter. Instead directly work on the original network, the method implements a labelling algorithm in the parametric dynamic residual network and uses quickest paths from the so...

Real-Time Control Over Networks. (May 2006) Kun Ji, B. S., Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; M. S., Tsinghua University, Beijing, China Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Won-jong Kim A control system in which sensors, actuators, and controllers are interconnected over a communication network is called a networked control system (NCS). Enhanced computational capabilities and bandwidths in the ...

Drug promiscuity and polypharmacology are much discussed topics in pharmaceutical research. Experimentally, promiscuity can be studied by profiling of compounds on arrays of targets. Computationally, promiscuity rates can be estimated by mining of compound activity data. In this study, we have assessed drug promiscuity over time by systematically collecting activity records for approved drugs. ...

Overdiagnosis and overtreatment are often thought of as relatively recent phenomena, influenced by a contemporary combination of technology, specialization, payment models, marketing, and supply-related demand. Yet a quick glance at the historical record reveals that physicians and medical manufacturers have been accused of iatrogenic excess for centuries, if not millennia. Medicine has long ha...

Ethernet continues to be one of the most popular LAN technologies. Due to the low price and robustness resulting from its wide acceptance and deployment, there has been an attempt to build Ethernet-based real-time control networks for manufacturing automation. However, it is diicult to build a real-time control network using the standard UDP or TCP/IP and Ethernet, because the Ethernet MAC prot...

It has recently become possible to measure directly the abundances of several chemical elements in a variety of environments at redshifts up to z 4. In this review I summarise the latest observations of Lyman break galaxies, the Lyman alpha forest and damped Lyman alpha systems with a view to uncovering any clues which these data may offer to the first episodes of star formation. The picture wh...

Travelling salesman problem (TSP) is a combinational optimization problem and solution approaches have been applied many real world problems. Pure TSP assumes the cities to visit are fixed in time and thus solutions are created to find shortest path according to these point. But some of the points are canceled to visit in time. If the problem is not time crucial it is not important to determine...

The visual system groups similar features, objects, and motion (e.g., Gestalt grouping). Recent work suggests that the computation underlying perceptual grouping may be one of summary statistical representation. Summary representation occurs for low-level features, such as size, motion, and position, and even for high level stimuli, including faces; for example, observers accurately perceive th...