1.Introduction Energy efficiency and environmental performance are mainstream issues for ship operators who are aiming through low carbon shipping and cost reductions. Although reducing fuel consumption seems to have priority, environmental considerations also push the shipping industry to operate in more efficient way. Strict legislations on GHG emissions and increasing fuel prices turn the fo...

In this article, we present a system-level characterization of the energy consumption for sensor network application scenarios. We compute a power efficiency metric—average watt-per-meter—for each radio transmission and extend this local metric to find the global energy consumption. This analysis shows how overall energy consumption varies with transceiver characteristics, node density, data tr...

A coordinate plane representation of the resource requirements of digital modulation methods is presented, and an overall resource efficiency measure is proposed. This measure can be used for the comparison of digital modulation methods and the evaluation of an emerging modulation technique. Several typical digital modulation methods are compared based on this measure to show its validity. key ...

This study constructed a parameter analysis for improving the energy performance of air-cooled water chillers by altering the angle configuration of the condenser coils. The mathematical models for energy and exergy analyses of the individual components and overall system of air-cooled water chillers are presented. This study investigated the potential enhancement of performance efficiency in a...

Reverse electrodialysis (RED) can harness the Gibbs free energy of mixing when fresh river water flows into the sea for sustainable power generation. In this study, we carry out a thermodynamic and energy efficiency analysis of RED power generation, and assess the membrane power density. First, we present a reversible thermodynamic model for RED and verify that the theoretical maximum extractab...

The classic overall profit needs precise information of inputs, outputs, inputs and outputs price vectors. In real word, all data are not certain. Therefore, in this case, stochastic and fuzzy methods use for measuring overall profit efficiency. These methods require more information about the data such as probability distribution function or data membership function, which in some cases may no...

INTRODUCTION decision-making. An attempt has been made to formulate

The car manufacturing industry, one of the largest energy consuming industries, has been making a considerable effort to improve its energy intensity by implementing energy efficiency programs, in many cases supported by government research or financial programs. While many car manufacturers claim that they have made substantial progress in energy efficiency improvement over the past years thro...