Rhinitis and related problems such as facial pressure and nasal congestion are a very common reason people seek medical care. There are four, often overlapping, syndromes or conditions that account for most of what patients perceive as "nose" problems or rhinitis. These conditions are irritant rhinitis, the anterior nasal valve effect, migraine with vasomotor symptoms, and allergic rhinitis. Vi...

Abstract Background Vascular malformation of the spine accounted for 3–4% all intradural lesions. Spinal arteriovenous (AVM) is often missed because overlapping symptoms with other pathology and ambiguous imaging. Here, we report a conus medullary AVM that mimics intramedullary tumours either from clinical findings or MR Case presentation We 24-year-old man left foot monoparesis, paresthesia, i...

Post-coronary artery bypass grafting encephalopathy (CABGE) is associated with cognitive decline in a significant number of post-cardiac surgery cases. Patients may experience this condition as a result of being maintained on a heart-lung machine, which is referred to as the "pump". The pump is used to circulate oxygenated blood during heart or valve surgery and may contribute to complication w...