Coupled cluster CCSD(T) calculations using the aug-cc-pVQZ basis set were performed on structures and energies of complexes O3-HF, O3-HCl, O3-OH, O3-H2, O3-N2, O3-CO, O3-O2, O3-F2, O3-Cl2, O3-ClF. Most have Cs symmetry, with symmetry plane being ozone (for hydrogen bonded O3-HF to O3-OH for halogen O3-Cl2 O3-ClF) or perpendicular most others). Dissociation De range from 718 1137 cm−1 O3-HCl com...

Although animal and human studies have demonstrated that ozone inhalation leads to airway epithelial inflammation and damage, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We cultured human bronchial epithelial cells as explant cultures and investigated the effect of 6 h of exposure to 0-500 parts per billion (ppb) O3 with or without 10(-5) M nedocromil sodium on: 1) epithelial cell membr...

Four-year-old Norway spruce (Picea abies L. (Karst.)) seedlings were exposed to ambient and elevated (1.5 x ambient in 1997 and 1.6 x ambient in 1998) ozone concentrations [O3] and three nitrogen (N) and two phosphorus (P) availabilities: "optimal" values (control); 70% of the control N and P values (LN and LP); and 150% of the control N value (HN). Treatments were applied in an open-field ozon...

Johnston, Richard A., Todd A. Theman, and Stephanie A. Shore. Augmented responses to ozone in obese carboxypeptidase E-deficient mice. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 290: R126–R133, 2006. First published July 7, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00306.2005.—We reported previously that mice obese as a result of leptin deficiency (ob/ob) have enhanced ozone (O3)-induced airway hyperresponsiveness...

Ozone (O3) profiles recorded over Beijing from 1995 to 2005 by the Measurement of Ozone and Water Vapor by Airbus In-Service Aircraft (MOZAIC) program were analyzed to provide a first climatology of tropospheric O3 over Beijing and the North China Plains (NCPs), one of the most populated and polluted regions in China. A pooled method was adopted in the data analysis to reduce the influence of i...

BACKGROUND Epidemiologic and experimental studies have reported a variety of health effects in response to ozone (O3) exposure, and some have indicated that certain populations may be at increased or decreased risk of O3-related health effects. OBJECTIVES We sought to identify potential response-modifying factors to determine whether specific groups of the population or life stages are at inc...

An effective method is presented for determining the ozone (O3) mixing ratio in the onshore flow of marine air at the North American west coast. By combining the data available from all marine boundary layer (MBL) sites with simultaneous wind data, decadal temporal trends of MBL O3 in all seasons are established with high precision. The average springtime temporal trend over the past two decade...

Children are not little adults in terms of environmental exposure. They have a unique vulnerability, given their developmental stage and their higher exposure. Lung function in childhood increases linearly with age and height until the adolescent growth spurt [1]. Studies on failure to maintain the predicted lung-function growth-curve during pre-adolescence are pertinent, both from a research a...

Air pollution is the environmental factor with the greatest impact on human health in Europe. Understanding the key processes driving air quality across the relevant spatial scales, especially during pollution exceedances and episodes, is essential to provide effective predictions for both policymakers and the public. It is particularly important for policy regulators to understand the drivers ...

Ozone is produced in the troposphere by gas-phase oxidation of hydrocarbons and CO catalyzed by hydrogen oxide radicals (HOx ≡ OH + peroxy radicals) and nitrogen oxide radicals (NOx ≡ NO+NO2). Heterogeneous chemistry involving reactions in aerosol particles and cloud droplets can perturb O3 concentrations in a number of ways including production and loss of HOx and NOx, direct loss of O3, and p...