in this thesis, phosphorus ylides [phbppy], [no2bppy] and [brbppy] have been synthesized through the formation of phosphonium salt and dihydrogenation, followed by the reaction of pd(oac)2 and the orthopalladated dinuclear complexes [pd(?-cl)(phbppy)]2, [pd(?-cl)(no2bppy)]2 and [pd(?-cl)(brbppy)]2 have been produced. the reaction of dinuclear complexes and bidentate ligands [l = bipy (2,2-bipyr...

the construct of self-efficacy has received increasing attention in research over the past two decades. many studies have been carried out 1.3 significance of the study this study has pedagogical implications since improving students’ self- efficacy and autonomy is important for promoting actual performance on classroom academic tasks. in academic settings, it has been shown that self-effi...

فرض می کنیم m وn، r- مدول های راست باشند، و می گوییم m وn- پروژکتیو است اگربرای هرr-مدول هم ریختی پوشایk f: n? وr- مدول هم ریخی k g: m?، r- مدول هم ریختی h:m?n موجود باشد به طوری که foh=g. ازنمادهای r-mod و r-mod ss استفاده می کنیم که به ترتیب به معنای کلاس تمامی r- مدول های راست و کلاس تمامی r- مدول های راست نیم ساده می باشند. هم چنین دامنه پروژکتیوی r- مدول های راست m را به صورت زیر تعریف می ...

abstract objectives gradual increase length and complexity of utterance (gilcu) therapy method is a form of operant conditioning. this type of treatment is very precise and controlled that is done in 54 steps in 3 speech situations consisted of monologue, reading and conversation. this study aimed to examine the effects of gilcu treatment method on reduction of speech dysfluency of school-age...