The tremendous social and economic impact of thrombotic disorders, together with the considerable risks associated to the currently available therapies, prompt for the development of more efficient and safer anticoagulants. Novel peptide-based thrombin inhibitors were identified using in silico structure-based design and further validated in vitro. The best candidate compounds contained both L-...

Maturation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) depends on the processing of Gag and Pol polyproteins by the viral protease, making this enzyme a prime target for anti-HIV therapy. Among the protease substrates, the nucleocapsid-p1 (NC-p1) sequence is the least homologous, and its cleavage is the rate-determining step in viral maturation. In the other substrates of HIV-1 protease, P1 is usuall...

Mice were immunized against ribosomal acidic proteins P1 and P2 from Artemia salina, and three kinds of monoclonal antibodies were isolated. One recognized P0 in addition to both P1 and P2 (anti-P). The other two recognized either P1 (anti-P1) or P2 (anti-P2) specifically and did not recognize P0. The anti-P antibody, but not anti-P1 or anti-P2, recognized a 22-amino acid peptide corresponding ...

We determined the effects of mutating the long-range tertiary contacts of the Tetrahymena group I ribozyme on the dynamics of its substrate helix (referred to as P1) and on catalytic activity. Dynamics were assayed by fluorescence anisotropy of the fluorescent base analogue, 6-methyl isoxanthopterin, incorporated into the P1 helix, and fluorescence anisotropy and catalytic activity were measure...

The histidine autokinase CheA functions as the central processing unit in the Escherichia coli chemotaxis signaling machinery. CheA receives autophosphorylation control inputs from chemoreceptors and in turn regulates the flux of signaling phosphates to the CheY and CheB response regulator proteins. Phospho-CheY changes the direction of flagellar rotation; phospho-CheB covalently modifies recep...

Pseudogenes are nonfunctional relics of formerly functional genes and are thought to evolve neutrally. In some pseudogenes, however, the molecular evolutionary patterns are atypical of neutrally evolving sequences, exhibiting sequence conservation, codon-usage bias, and other features associated with functional genes. Makorin1-p1 is a transcribed pseudogene first identified in the mouse Mus mus...

Acidic ribosomal phosphoproteins P0, P1 and P2 were isolated in soluble form from silkworm ribosomes and tested for their interactions with each other and with RNA fragments corresponding to the GTPase-associated domain of residues 1030-1127 (Escherichia coli numbering) in silkworm 28S rRNA in vitro. Mixing of P1 and P2 formed the P1-P2 heterodimer, as demonstrated by gel mobility shift and che...

Monopartite members of the family Potyviridae utilize three virus-encoded proteinases to cleave the viral polyprotein into mature proteins. The amino-terminal region of the viral polyprotein is autolytically cleaved by the P1 proteinase. A domain required for P1 proteinase activity of Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) was mapped using a series of templates with nested 3'-truncations or 5'-deleti...

PURPOSE To characterize multifocal electroretinogram parameters in patients with birdshot chorioretinopathy. METHODS Twenty-eight patients with birdshot chorioretinopathy consecutively included from 2006 to 2011 were matched to 27 healthy subjects for age, axial length, and lens status. Multifocal electroretinogram was prospectively evaluated using the Vision Monitor system. RESULTS Birdsho...

The high-resolution X-ray structures have been determined for ten complexes formed between bovine beta-trypsin and P1 variants (Gly, Asp, Glu, Gln, Thr, Met, Lys, His, Phe, Trp) of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI). All the complexes were crystallised from the same conditions. The structures of the P1 variants Asp, Glu, Gln and Thr, are reported here for the first time in complex with ...