The mammalian secondary palate arises by outgrowth from the oral side of the paired maxillary processes flanking the primitive oral cavity. Palatal growth depends on reciprocal interactions between the oral ectoderm and the underlying neural-crest-derived mesenchyme. Previous studies have implicated sonic hedgehog (Shh) as an important epithelial signal for regulating palatal growth. However, t...

The objective of this study was to analyse the stress distribution in periodontal ligament and tooth structure a cementum-reinforced tooth, dentine-reinforced an immature during orthodontic loads using finite element analysis. A model maxillary incisor its supporting tissues developed. root segmented into two parts: part that represented state apical tissue formed after regenerative endodontics...

Cleft palate is among the most common birth defects in humans. Previous studies have shown that Shh signaling plays critical roles in palate development and regulates expression of several members of the forkhead-box (Fox) family transcription factors, including Foxf1 and Foxf2, in the facial primordia. Although cleft palate has been reported in mice deficient in Foxf2, whether Foxf2 plays an i...

Based on its ability to treat a broad range of mucogingival defects and predictability, autogenous subepithelial connective tissue grafting (CTG) remains the standard of care for gingival recession. Its advantages often outweigh the drawbacks, which include the preparation of a second surgical site (typically in the palate) for donor tissue collection and a finite volume of graft material avail...

INTRODUCTION The knowledge of root canal anatomy is essential to ensure a successful outcome of surgical and nonsurgical root canal treatment. The aims of this article were to present 2 cases of maxillary molars with 3 mesiobuccal root canals and to review the available literature on this anatomic variation. METHODS The first case described a nonsurgical root canal treatment of tooth #16 in a...

INTRODUCTION Understanding the internal anatomy of root canal system can significantly influence outcomes of root canal treatment. The aim of this in vitro study was to measure the thickness of mesiobuccal root at different levels in maxillary first molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, forty extracted human maxillary first molars were radiographed; accordingly, the mes...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect interceptive primary canine extraction in palatally and buccally displaced maxillary permanent canines, analyze clinical radiographic factors affecting treatment outcome. 97 canines from 86 patients whose were mesio-occlusal directions overlapped with roots adjacent teeth analyzed. In 64 (66.0%) crown completely deviated lateral incisor root ...

introduction: the purpose of this report was to present a successful treatment approach in an unusual gingival recession as a result of finger sucking traumatic habit associated with high labial frenum. case report: a 10-year-old girl presented moderate pain, recession in the mandibular right incisor and finger sucking habit. the performed treatment was: oral hygiene instruction, use of palatal...

This case report describes a 13-year-old boy with alveolar bony defect resulted from surgical removal of impacted upper canine transposed in the anterior region. The boy had a normal occlusion with malposition of upper central and lateral incisors. The treatment objectives were to align teeth, close spaces by mesial movement of the buccal segments in the upper jaw to repair bone loss. Fixed app...