Deep ocean circulation may be a significant factor in determining climate. Here, we describe two long, fully coupled atmosphere-ocean simulations with the NCAR Climate System Model (CSM) for the late Cretaceous (80 Ma). Our results suggest that higher levels of atmospheric CO2 and the altered paleogeography of the late Cretaceous resulted in a surface ocean state temperature, salinity, and circ...

Abstract The extent of glaciers in the western French Alps foreland during last glacial maximum (LGM, 26.5–19 ka) has not yet been determined, so understanding paleogeography LGM remains an open question. This study focuses on chronology piedmont using 10 Be surface exposure ages nine boulders and 12 erratic boulders. Results indicate glacier advance between ca. 24 21 ka. During late LGM, a sma...

Archean banded iron formations (BIF) represent a major contributor to better constraining and assessing the paleogeography evolution of cratons. In this context, we conducted an exhaustive sampling analysis campaign BIF units in Congo Craton, covering several greenstone belts within Ivindo, Kelle-Mbomo, Chaillu blocks. The REE + Y patterns suggest: (1) Interaction seawater with Fe-oxyhydroxides...

Wild walnut belongs to the family in Tianshan Valley of Xinjiang. Tertiary tree species Central Asia and endangered plant under state protection. Its main distribution areas are as far Western Mountains Pamir-Alai former Soviet Union, it is only distributed Dekuztala County Xinjiang, China. It great scientific value study origin evolution cultivated walnut, paleofloristic changes, paleogeograph...

During the Devonian, Svalbard Archipelago lay at low latitudes, occupying a paleogeographic position intersection of Caledonian and Ellesmerian orogens. Provenance analysis, including detrital zircon U-Pb age studies, Devonian (ca. 420–360 Ma) strata from Andrée Land Basin, Svalbard, help reconstruct sediment sources to understand assembly three basement provinces that make up which are present...

Abstract Paleocurrent data measured on depositional elements and sedimentary structures (e.g., channels, cross-strata) are commonly utilized in the description of strata. provide information about setting some cases can be useful for immediately detecting specific processes herringbone cross-strata bimodal tidal currents). The typical graphical representation used to report paleocurrent is rose...

Abstract This study presents the results of conodont biostratigraphy and microfacies analysis carried out on pelagic limestones Upper Triassic Dovško Section in Slovenia, which represents eastern part Slovenian Basin. The age section ranges from Lacian 1 to Alaunian 1. succession is predominantly characterized by representatives genus Ancyrogondolella . Transitional morphologies towards faunas ...

Standard models of molecular evolution cannot estimate absolute speciation times alone, and require external calibrations to do so, such as fossils. Because fossil calibration methods rely on the incomplete fossil record, a great number of nodes in the tree of life cannot be dated precisely. However, many major paleogeographical events are dated, and since biogeographic processes depend on pale...