We present here a case of bronchial obstruction secondary to late paradoxical reactive enlargement and erosion by mediastinal lymph nodes into the left main bronchus in a 26-year-old woman with tuberculosis lymphadenitis. Bronchial obstruction due to paradoxical reactions, especially in the late phase of treatment, has not been described in adults before.

A patent foramen ovale (PFO) is detected frequently by transesophageal echocardiography. The diagnosis of paradoxical embolism is usually presumptive when arterial emboli occur in the appropriate clinical setting. Presumably, paradoxical embolism of small thrombi arise in the venous system and pass through the PFO during a transient right-to-left shunt; however, cases demonstrating a thrombus t...

Deep vein thrombosis is a frequent complication following total joint arthroplasty and other major orthopedic procedures. Pulmonary embolism occurs with or without a diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis, although infrequently (1.5%-10%). In patients with congenital cardiac defects, such as a patent foramen ovale, paradoxical cerebral embolism may also occur. This article describes a case of a 52-y...

Paradoxical growth of some Candida albicans isolates in the presence of caspofungin (CAS) in vitro has been demonstrated previously. We sought to determine whether a similar phenomenon occurred in vivo. A systemic model of candidiasis was studied in CD-1 mice by intravenous inoculation of different isolates of C. albicans. Infected animals were treated with CAS at various dosages (0.01 to 20 mg...

Various plant indexes are used or recommended for bioindication. However, the nonmonotonic dose-response dependences (hormesis and paradoxical effects) of these indexes are insufficiently explored upon exposure to pollution. We studied the dependences of these Betula pendula indexes on the intensity of motor traffic pollution. Regression analysis did not reveal any dependence of chlorophyll and...

In previous papers (Y. Ikeda and T. Nishino, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 32:1073-1077, 1988; Y. Ikeda, T. Nishino, and T. Tanino, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 31:865-869, 1987), we reported that many of the 7-aminothiazolyl cephalosporins, such as cefmenoxime, showed paradoxically reduced activity against Proteus vulgaris at higher concentrations, whereas these paradoxical effects were not o...

BACKGROUND In West and Central Africa Buruli ulcer (BU) and HIV co-infection is increasingly recognised and management of these two diseases combined is an emerging challenge for which there is little published information. In this case we present a severe paradoxical reaction occurring after commencing antibiotic treatment for BU combined with antiretroviral therapy for HIV, and describe its c...

We compared the effects of systemic morphine on normal (heat and cold) pain and paradoxical burning pain evoked by the simultaneous application of innocuous warm and cold stimuli to the skin. Twelve healthy volunteers participated in a randomised, double-blind, cross-over study to compare the effects of intravenous administration of morphine (0.025 or 0.1mg/kg) or placebo (saline). Stimuli were...