in spite of the fact that paradox as an unknown literary device has largely been ignored, it has been a source of amazement and, consequently, aesthetic joy due to deviation from norm, ambiguity, the saliency of meaning, and laconism. one of the subtle points receiving little attention in arabic literature, especially in nahjol balaghah, is the study of paradoxical elements. the most significan...

To the Editor: The echocardiogram on the cover of the June 1, 1999, issue of Circulation is a beautiful illustration of an impending paradoxical embolism. Unfortunately, neither the text1 nor the key words of the article made any mention of this condition. Impending paradoxical embolism2 is a surgical emergency. This diagnosis would not have been possible before the advent of echocardiography. ...

Finland: a population-based surveillance study. Eur Heart J 1992;13:588–593. 21. Wilhelmsen L, Rosengren A, Eriksson H, Lappas G. Heart failure in the general population of men—morbidity, risk factors and prognosis. J Intern Med 2001; 249:253–261. 22. Lee JR, Paultre F, Mosca L. The association between educational level and risk of cardiovascular disease fatality among women with cardiovascular...

Low-dose aspirin is an important therapeutic option in the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke, basedon its unique cost-effectiveness and widespread availability. In addition, based on the results of a number of large studies, aspirin is also widely used in the primary prevention of MI. This paper provides an update of the available data to offer greater clari...

AIM To evaluate the paradoxical pupillary constriction in darkness in patients with Pingelapese achromatopsia (PA), and to describe a connection between this phenomenon and the clinical features. METHODS 27 patients with PA were examined. All underwent a full ophthalmic examination which included Snellen visual acuity and ophthalmoscopy. Colour vision examination was performed with Ishihara p...

Paradoxical behavioral responses to nonselective neuropsychiatric drugs are frequently encountered and poorly understood. We report that a single receptor gene mutation produces a paradoxical response to the nonspecific serotonin receptor agonist m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP). Although this compound normally suppresses locomotion, it produces hyperactivity in mice bearing a targeted mutation ...