An electrochemical test station capable of operating at pressures up to 100 bars and temperatures up to 400 °C has been established. It enables control of the partial pressures and mass flow of O2, N2, H2, CO2, and H2O in a single or dual environment arrangement, measurements with highly corrosive media, as well as localized sampling of gas evolved at the electrodes for gas analysis. A number o...

The presence of H2O in postcombustion gas streams is an important technical issue for deploying CO2-selective adsorbents. Because of its permanent dipole, H2O can interact strongly with materials where the selectivity for CO2 is a consequence of its quadrupole interacting with charges in the material. We performed molecular simulations to model the adsorption of pure H2O and CO2 as well as H2O/...

In 1953, the doctor draft interrupted Dr. Severinghaus' anesthesia and physiology training and sent him to the National Institutes of Health as director of anesthesia research at the newly opened Clinical Center. He developed precise laboratory partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO(2)) and pH analysis to investigate lung blood gas exchange during hypothermia. Constants for carbon dioxide solu...

The mouth occlusion pressure 100 ms after onset of inspiration (P0.1) is considered a clinically useful measure of the combined output of the respiratory centre and muscle pump. However, theoretical and practical difficulties can arise when using P0.1 in the assessment of patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It was hypothesized that the maximum rate of change in oe...

[1] Box models of the ocean/atmosphere CO2 system rely on mechanisms at polar outcrops to alter the strength of the ocean’s organic carbon pump. GCM-based carbon system models are reportedly less sensitive to the same processes. Here we separate the carbon pumps in a three-box model and the GCM-based Princeton Ocean Biogeochemistry Model to show how the organic pumps operate in the two kinds of...

Carbon dioxide embolism is a rare but potentially devastating complication of laparoscopy. To determine the effects of insufflation pressure on the mortality from carbon dioxide embolism, six swine had intravascular insufflation with carbon dioxide for 30 seconds using a Karl Storz insufflator at a flow rate of 35 mL/kg/min. The initial insufflation pressure was 15 mm Hg. Following recovery fro...

[1] We assess the response of atmospheric CO2 ( pCO2) and ocean chemistry to carbon perturbations, placing modern carbon‐cycle sensitivity in the context of the Cenozoic. We use the carbon‐cycle model LOSCAR to study the effect of perturbations over the past 67 Ma. Our results indicate that atmospheric CO2 and surface ocean pH were slightly more sensitive to carbon perturbations during the Mioc...

BACKGROUND AND AIM Monitoring carbon dioxide (CO2) is of utmost importance in neurosurgical patients. It is measured by partial pressure of arterial CO2 (PaCO2) and end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2). We aimed to study the correlation between PaCO2 and ETCO2 in neurosurgical patients in the intraoperative and postoperative period on mechanical ventilation in Postanesthesia Care Unit (PACU). METHODOLOGY Th...

We studied the effect of ocean acidification (OA) on a coastal North Sea plankton community in a long-term mesocosm CO2-enrichment experiment (BIOACID II long-term mesocosm study). From March to July 2013, 10 mesocosms of 19 m length with a volume of 47.5 to 55.9 m3 were deployed in the Gullmar Fjord, Sweden. CO2 concentrations were enriched in five mesocosms to reach average CO2 partial pressu...