We developed micropore membrane inlet mass spectrometer (MMIMS) probes to rapidly measure inert-gas partial pressures in small blood samples. The mass spectrometer output was linearly related to inert-gas partial pressure (r(2) of 0.996-1.000) and was nearly independent of large variations in inert-gas solubility in liquid samples. We infused six inert gases into five pentobarbital-anesthetized...

The kinetics and mechanisms of graphene growth on Ni films at 720-880 °C have been measured using fast pulses of acetylene and real-time optical diagnostics. In situ UV-Raman spectroscopy was used to unambiguously detect isothermal graphene growth at high temperatures, measure the growth kinetics with ∼1 s temporal resolution, and estimate the fractional precipitation upon cooldown. Optical ref...

Defect chemistry is key to understand electrical properties of many functional materials including halide perovskites. However, expectations from defect about the dependency densities on doping regime perovskites have not yet been clearly confirmed experimentally. Here, we measure conductivity model perovskite Methylammonium Lead Iodide over a wide range iodine partial pressures. We find that w...

Partial bladder outlet obstruction causes prominent morphological changes in the bladder wall, which leads to bladder dysfunction. In this paper, we demonstrate that polarized light imaging can be used to identify the location of obstruction induced structural changes that other imaging modalities fail to detect. We induced 2-week and 6-week partial outlet obstruction in rats, harvested obstruc...

The thermal conductivity of solid argon at high-pressure (up to 50 GPa) and high-temperature (up to 2000 K) has been calculated by equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations using the Green-Kubo formalism and an exponential-6 interatomic potential. A simple empirical expression is given for its pressure and temperature dependence. The results are compared with predictions based on kinetic theor...

The production of carboxylic acids by partial wet oxidation of alkali lignin at elevated temperatures and pressures was studied experimentally. Two different heteropoly acids, phosphotungstic acid (H₃PW12O40) and phosphomolybdic acid (H₃PMo12O40), were used to catalyze the oxidation of lignin under hydrothermal conditions. Factors influencing the total yield of carboxylic acids formed during th...

Alkali-Antimonide growth was examined at the Center of Functional Nanomaterials (CFN) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). The materials were grown in a UHV chamber and analyzed by means of core-level xray electron spectroscopy (XPS) and UHV-atomic-force microscopy (UHV-AFM). We were able to grow CsK2Sb cathodes with an average quantum efficiency around 12.5 % under good vacuum conditions.T...