Abs t rac t -The persistence of many seemingly metastable mineral assemblages in sediments and soils is commonly attributed to their sluggish transformation to the stable-phase assemblage. Although undoubtedly kinetics plays a major role, this study shows that thermodynamic factors, particularly surface energy, significantly influence the free energy. Enthalpies of formation of boehmite samples...

We present a computational study based on density functional plus dynamical mean-field theory calculations for the normal-state electronic reconstruction of pure and hole-doped ${\mathrm{NdNiO}}_{2}$ superconductors. Our results capture $T$ dependence electrical resistivity, providing many-particle interpretation emergence pseudogaplike features at low energies as well weakly insulating regime ...

The evolution of charged-particle production in collisions of heavy ions at relativistic energies is investigated as function of centrality in a nonequilibrium-statistical framework. Precise agreement with recent d + Au and Au + Au data at √ sNN = 200 GeV is found in a Relativistic Diffusion Model with three sources for particle production. Only the midrapidity source comes very close to local ...

The FastCaloSim calorimeter simulation was developed to provide a reasonably accurate but still fast simulation of the ATLAS calorimeter system. Parameterizations of electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeter showers are used to deposit particle energies in the detailed calorimeter structure. In the present document a short overview of the fast calorimeter simulation principle is presented. This ...

Historically cosmic rays have always been at the intersection of astrophysics with particle physics. This is still and especially true in current days where experimenters routinely observe atmospheric showers from particles whose energies reach macroscopic values up to about 50 Joules. This dwarfs energies achieved in the laboratory by about eight orders of magnitude in the detector frame and t...

We compute the rapidity dependence of particle and transverse energy production in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions at various beam energies and atomic numbers using the perturbative QCD + saturation model. The distribution is a broad gaussian near y = 0 but the rapid increase of particle production with the beam energy will via energy conservation strongly constrain the rapidity distribu...

It is shown that a gravitationally collapsing black hole acts as an ultrahigh energy particle accelerator that can accelerate particles to energies inconceivable in any terrestrial particle accelerator, and that when the energy E of the particles comprising the matter in the black hole is ∼ 10 GeV or more,or equivalently the temperature T is ∼ 10 K or more, the entire matter in the black hole w...

The fusion process and the competition between fission and n, p and α–particle emission is studied. The calculations are performed for nuclei at excitation energies from 80 MeV up to about 300 MeV. The nuclear fission is described by a Langevin equation coupled to the Master equation for particle evaporation. A significant influence of the initial spin distribution on the prescission particles ...

The Self-Consistent RPA (SCRPA) equations in the particle-particle channel are solved without any approximation for the picket fence model. The results are in excellent agreement with the exact solutions found with the Richardson method. Particularly interesting features are that screening corrections reverse the sign of the interaction and that SCRPA yields the exact energies in the case of tw...

The high-energy particle transport code NMTC/JAM, which has been developed at JAERI, was improved for the high-energy heavy ion transport calculation by incorporating the JQMD code, the SPAR code and the Shen formula. The new NMTC/JAM named PHITS (Particle and Heavy-Ion Transport code System) is the first general-purpose heavy ion transport Monte Carlo code over the incident energies from sever...