BACKGROUND Traffic congestion is a significant issue in urban areas in the United States and around the world. Previous analyses have estimated the economic costs of congestion, related to fuel and time wasted, but few have quantified the public health impacts or determined how these impacts compare in magnitude to the economic costs. Moreover, the relative magnitudes of economic and public hea...

Traffic has long been recognized as the major contributor to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations. However, this does not consider the contribution of cooking sources of PAHs. This study set out, first, to assess the characteristics of PAHs and their corresponding benzo[a]pyrene equivalent (B[a]Peq) emissions from cooking sources to the urban atmosphere. To illustrate the import...

We evaluated the spatiotemporal distributions of black carbon (BC) and particulate matters with aerodynamic diameters of less than 2.5 m (PM2.5) concentrations at urban diesel engine emission (DEE) hotspots of South Korea. Concentrations of BC and PM2.5 were measured at the entrance gate of two diesel bus terminals and a train station, in 2014. Measurements were conducted simultaneously at the ...

An important aspect of area-wide traffic calming concepts is the integration of major urban roads, because 70 to 80 percent of all urban accidents occur on major roads. Traffic calming which is primarily based on the locational shift to such main thoroughfares is socially injust, because -in spite of all disturbances on those streets about one quarter of the urban population live there. Social ...

Sustainable development is one of the themes of the world today. Considering growing urban traffic problems and urban environmental problems, developing sustainable transport is particularly important. Based on the urban traffic sustainable development theory, an evaluation index system of traffic sustainable development is built using analysis method and testing methods of index system. Then a...

The safety of river-crossing tunnels is an important aspect of urban road traffic systems. Previous studies concerning traffic safety mainly focused on urban roads. Given the absence of a number of variables, such as speed and real-time traffic volume, in traffic accident databases, the traffic safety of urban river-crossing tunnels has rarely been studied. This study used the microscopic traff...