BACKGROUND Because airway calibre shows a circadian rhythm and since exposure to passive smoking reduced lung function this study was undertaken to investigate whether passive smoking affects the circadian rhythm of peak expiratory flow (PEF) in schoolchildren. METHODS Twenty schoolchildren (12 boys and 8 girls, aged 10-11 years) exposed to passive smoking were matched for sex, age, and heigh...

Active tobacco smoking, passive and e-cigarette smoking have been associated with different systemic ocular diseases. The precorneal tear film plays an important role in eye health its analysis can provide useful information on status. This review investigates the effects of types film, by analyzing peer-reviewed literature this topic. Specifically, evaporation rate, stability, volume, ferning,...

BACKGROUND Several case-control studies have suggested that passive smoking may increase the incidence of female breast cancer. However, the results of cohort studies have been inconsistent in establishing an association. The present study evaluated the association between passive smoking and incidence of female breast cancer through a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. METHODS Rele...