Sixteen bacterial strains showing oval, convex with a white colony colour were obtained from the water-soaked lesions on petioles and leaves of infected papaya (cv. calina) collected field in Lampung Timur, Indonesia. The pathogenicity test showed that all produced same symptoms those found field. Four representative then chosen for further investigation. phenotypic characteristics revealed res...

A pathogen is a microorganism that is able to cause disease in a plant, animal or insect. Pathogenicity is the ability to produce disease in a host organism. Microbes express their pathogenicity by means of their virulence, a term which refers to the degree of pathogenicity of the microbe. Hence the determinants of virulence of a pathogen are any of its genetic or biochemical or structural feat...

Bismarck palm (Bismarckia nobilis Hildebr. & H. Wendl.) is one of the most sought after palms. A severe disease was discovered in Wenchang, Hainan Province, China, July 2010. The main symptoms were russet to gray-white lesions at tip leaflets, and irregular-shaped surrounded by reddish brown halos. gradually extended base compound leaf, entire infected leaves dried up advanced stage. fun...

Pemphigus is a life-threatening autoimmune disease in which antibodies specific for desmogleins (Dsgs) cause loss of keratinocyte cell adhesion and blisters. In order to understand how antibodies cause pathogenicity and whether there are commonalities among antibodies in different patients that could ultimately be used to target specific therapy against these antibodies, we characterized Dsg-sp...

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) causes an economically significant disease of chickens worldwide. Very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) strains have emerged and induce as much as 60% mortality. The molecular basis for vvIBDV pathogenicity is not understood, and the relative contributions of the two genome segments, A and B, to this phenomenon are not known. Isolate 94432 has been shown previously ...

The genus Mycobacterium include a great number of non-pathogenic organisms as well as some pathogenic species which cause tuberculosis in mammals, birds and cold-blooded animals. The differentiation between pathogenic strains and non-pathogenic ones is based on the lethal properties of the bacilli for experimental animals, particularly the guinea pig. A strain is not considered pathogenic when ...

cerato-ulmin is the most important toxin of fungal causal agents of dutch elm disease and its content is one of the most important factors to distinguish two species ophiostoma ulmi and o. novo-ulmi. with attention to the ophiostoma novo-ulmi is more pathogenicity than o. ulmi, this research was carried out to discuss the role of cerato-ulmin on pathogenicity of causal agent using measurement o...

In declining broadleaf forests in western Ukraine, several Phytophthora species including P. plurivora, bilorbang, polonica, gonapodyides and cactorum were recovered using soil baiting assays identified morphological molecular methods. Pathogenicity tests of selected isolates performed on black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaerth.) silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) to assess susceptibility the...

Commercial plantations of Eucalyptus species have been established in Malaysia, especially during the past 10 years, with aim sustaining supply wood and timber products for industrial use Malaysia. As part an assessment fungal diseases affecting four regions including Kelantan, Pahang, Sabah, Selangor, stem canker disease was discovered to be a widespread infecting This study aimed identify fun...

The aim of this study is to explore the dispersion, clonality, and virulence of Legionella pneumophila serogroups 2 to 14 in the Greek environment. Eighty L. pneumophila serogroup 2 to 14 strains isolated from water distribution systems of hotels, hospitals, athletic venues, and ferries in Greece were tested by monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) for serogroup discrimination and molecularly by amplifi...