A combination of medetomidine hydrochloride (medetomidine) and ketamine hydrochloride (ketamine) was evaluated in 16 boma-confined and 19 free-ranging impalas (Aepyceros melampus) to develop a non-opiate immobilisation protocol. In free-ranging impala a dose of 220 +/- 34 microg/kg medetomidine and 4.4 +/- 0.7 mg/kg ketamine combined with 7500 IU of hyaluronidase induced recumbency within 4.5 +...

This work demonstrates the first example of the immobilisation of MAO-N whole cells to produce a biocatalyst that remained suitable for repetitive use after 11 months of storage and stable up to 15 months after immobilisation. The production ofEscherichia coli expressing recombinant MAON was scaled up to bioreactors under regulated, previously optimised conditions (10 % DO, pH 7), and the amoun...

After studying the effect of function on the strength of tendon repairs in dogs, Mason and Allen (1941) concluded that immobilisation was necessary for two or three weeks. This had been taught by Mayer (1938) and was followed by Koch (1943) and Bunnell (1948). Since then Miller (1942), Farquharson (1950), Rank and Wakefield (1953), Nemethi (1956), Kelly (1959), Flatt (1959), and Clarkson and Pe...

In situ or on-chip protein array methods use cell free expression systems to produce proteins directly onto an immobilising surface from co-distributed or pre-arrayed DNA or RNA, enabling protein arrays to be created on demand. These methods address three issues in protein array technology: (i) efficient protein expression and availability, (ii) functional protein immobilisation and purificatio...

Periods of immobilisation are often associated with pathologies and/or ageing. These periods of muscle disuse induce muscle atrophy which could worsen the pathology or elderly frailty. If muscle mass loss has positive effects in the short term, a sustained/uncontrolled muscle mass loss is deleterious for health. Muscle mass recovery following immobilisation-induced atrophy could be critical, pa...