Calcineurin inhibitors such as cyclosporine A and FK506 are effective immunosuppressants but produce severe side effects. Rational modification of a previously reported peptide inhibitor, GPHPVIVITGPHEE (KD ∼ 500 nM), by replacing the two valine residues with tert-leucine and the C-terminal proline with a cis-proline analogue, gave an improved inhibitor ZIZIT-cisPro, which binds to calcineurin ...

b ackground: brevinin-2r, as 25 amino acids peptide of the skin of r ana ridibunda frog, possesses potent antimicrobial and low hemolytic activity. it has an n-terminal hydrophilic region and a c-terminal loop that is delineated by an intra-disulfide bridge. in our study, brevinin-2r and its diastereomer as well  as its  cyclic  analogue  were  synthesized  and  characterized  in  order  to inv...

Glucagon like peptide (GLP-1) analogues are a relatively novel medication developed primarily for the treatment of type 2 diabetes since 2005. Although GLP-1 analogues have been shown to be more effective in the first few years of diagnosis in type 2 diabetes, we report a case of a patient with longstanding insulin-dependent diabetes started on a GLP-1 analogue, liraglutide, who now has control...

Introduction Coacervation as a technique for producing nanoparticles has many advantages. It involves only aqueous solvents and mild processing conditions and is therefore ideal for maintaining the stability of proteins and peptides. In this study, we examined the formulation of novel nanoparticles using chitosan (CS) in combination with sulfobutyl ether-7-β -cyclodextrin sodium (SB-CD) for del...

The Cypate-Bombesin Peptide Analogue Conjugate (Cybesin) was used as a prostate tumor receptor-targeted contrast agent. The absorption and fluorescence spectra of Cybesin were measured and shown to exist in the NIR tissue "optical window". The spectral polarization imaging of Cybesin-stained prostate cancerous and normal tissues shows that prostate cancerous tissue takes-up more Cybesin than th...

We are presenting the synthesis of a phenylene ethynylene-based rod containing an Fmoc protected amino group and an activated acid which can be applied to peptide couplings. This linear amino acid analogue is applied to the synthesis of di-, tri- and pentamers. The pentamer has a molecular mass of 6.5 kDa and is characterized by (1)H NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF MS. The method has potential f...

DNA is a major player in the field of bio-nanotechnology and many interesting applications have been realized using this oligonucleotide. In contrast, the use of peptide nucleic acid (PNA), which is a non-natural, neutral analogue of DNA with superior hybridization strengths compared to DNA, is still in its infancy in bio-nanotechnology. However, as demonstrated in this short review using selec...

Introduction P-15 a fifteen residue synthetic peptide (GTPGPQGIAGQRGVV), is a structural analogue of the cell binding domain of Type 1 collagen [1]. P-15 adsorbed on anorganic bovine mineral (ABM-P15) scaffolds has been shown to enhance bone marrow stromal cell growth [2]. This study aimed to investigate the osteogenic potential of human dental pulp stromal cells (HDPSCs) in monolayer culture c...

Background Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) is an analogue of the ACE that cleaves Angiotensin II to Angiotensin 1-7, a peptide with vasodilatory properties. Previous studies showed increased ACE2 activity among patients with chronic heart failure. ACE2 activity has been shown to correlate with the NYHA functional class in this setting, suggesting a compensatory role in advanced heart fai...

Previous studies have shown that substitution of single amino acid residues in human Melan-A immunodominant peptides Melan-A27-35 and Melan-A26-35 greatly improved their binding and the stability of peptide/HLA-A*0201 complexes. In particular, one Melan-A peptide analogue was more efficient in the generation of Melan-A peptide-specific and melanoma-reactive CTL than its parental peptide in vitr...