Nonlinear simulations for structures under disasters have been widely focused on in recent years. However, precise modeling for the nonlinear behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) shear walls, which are the major lateral-force-resistant structural member in high-rise buildings, still has not been successfully solved. In this paper, based on the principles of composite material mechanics, a multi...

Wall-bounded flows at high Reynolds number are characterized by high rates of shear at the walls. Resolving the flow near the wall, is critical to correctly reproducing the turbulence. In the present paper, we show that the accurate prediction of spatially varying wall shear stress requires additional near-wall resolution for large eddy simulation. We also demonstrate the advantage of the use o...

To study the adaptive response of the vascular wall to blood flow changes, an arteriovenous shunt was constructed between the common carotid artery and the external jugular vein in 12 dogs. Six to eight months postoperatively, the arterial internal radius (r) was determined by angiography and/or the use of pressure-volume relationship. The results showed that r increased with increased flow loa...

To evaluate the seismic performance of pre-cast concrete shear wall with vertical reinforcements spliced by two different grout ways, quasi-static tests of two concrete shear walls holed by prefabricated corrugated pipe and one concrete shear wall holed by drawing out the pipe were tested. The test results showed that the wall holed by prefabricated corrugated pipe was basically the same as the...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Computational fluid dynamics has become a popular tool for studying intracranial aneurysm hemodynamics, demonstrating success for retrospectively discriminating rupture status; however, recent highly refined simulations suggest potential deficiencies in solution strategies normally used in the aneurysm computational fluid dynamics literature. The purpose of the present st...

INTRODUCTION The onset of atherosclerosis may be related to changes in vascular endothelial permeability to macromolecules, which may in turn be induced by wall shear stress or its related indices. We report here an initial experiment that correlates, site-by-site, the albumin uptake in a porcine aortic trifurcation with several measures of wall shear obtained by computational fluid dynamic (CF...

We develop an analytic approach to two-dimensional flow separation control by feedback. With two wall-based actuators enclosing an array of distributed wall-shear sensors, we control the wall-shear evolution equation through its boundary values at the actuators. Using this approach, we induce separation at prescribed locations in steady and unsteady channel flows, and reduce the recirculation l...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to delineate the molecular mechanisms responsible for Staphylococcus aureus-platelet adhesion as a function of physiologically relevant wall shear stresses. METHODS AND RESULTS A parallel plate flow chamber was used to quantify adhesion of wild-type, Spa-, ClfA- and SdrCDE- strains to immobilized platelet layers. In the absence of plasma, adhesion incr...